Table 1.
Main features of the cohort based on liver steatosis degree.
| Hepatic Steatosis Degree | p-Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||
| N | 84 | 43 | 14 | 12 | |
| Age (years) | 10.25 ± 2.77 | 11.07 ± 2.42 | 9.31 ± 1.71 | 11.91 ± 2.91 | 0.03 |
| Gender (M/F) | 47/37 | 28/15 | 8/6 | 6/6 | 0.71 |
| BMI-SDS | 5.26 ± 1.85 | 5.88 ± 1.96 | 6.07 ± 1.97 | 7.14 ± 2.99 | 0.01 |
| Waist (cm) | 88.59 ± 9.31 | 94.02 ± 11.07 | 90.36 ± 13.06 | 105.08 ± 11.84 | <0.0001 |
| Glucose, Triglycerides and liver function | |||||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 83.52 ± 6.73 | 82.46 ± 7.48 | 81.93 ± 8.85 | 83.75 ± 11.75 | 0.80 |
| Insulin (uU/L) | 24.50 ± 13.53 | 31.08 ± 20.56 | 16.93 ± 7.52 | 37.61 ± 15.02 | 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 5.08 ± 2.87 | 6.36 ± 4.22 | 3.53 ± 1.80 | 8.01 ± 3.76 | 0.003 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 85.15 ± 42.06 | 91.53 ± 28.38 | 99.43 ± 42.94 | 99.08 ± 35.56 | 0.13 |
| ALT (UI/L) | 31.00 ± 18.79 | 37.26 ± 31.78 | 65.5 ± 55.25 | 55.58 ± 19.89 | <0.0001 |
| AST (UI/L) | 26.12 ± 10.79 | 26.36 ± 10.18 | 38.5 ± 21.65 | 27.75 ± 6.00 | 0.004 |
| Polysomnography derived measures | |||||
| AHI (episodes/h) | 6.26 ± 5.35 | 7.68 ± 2.12 | 11.3 ± 1.56 | 17.4 ± 10.5 | <0.0001 |
| ODI (episodes/h) | 4.44 ± 2.53 | 4.81 ± 2.54 | 6.73 ± 3.01 | 7.35 ± 5.08 | 0.0004 |
| Mean SpO2 | 96.4 ± 1.67 | 97.2 ± 1.63 | 97.2 ± 1.60 | 96.4 ± 0.71 | 0.07 |
| Nadir SpO2 | 91.5 ± 2.90 | 90.9 ± 2.40 | 92.1 ± 2.35 | 90.6 ± 2.29 | 0.35 |
| mdes SpO2% | 5.54 ± 1.38 | 6.97 ± 1.41 | 6.77 ± 1.41 | 6.16 ± 1.43 | <0.0001 |
AHI: apnea/hypopnea index; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; BMI-SDS: standard deviation score of Body Mass index; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; ODI: oxygen desaturation index. SpO2: pulse oxygen saturation.