. 2021 Oct 26;13(11):3788. doi: 10.3390/nu13113788

Table 1.

Characteristics and lifestyle habits of participants according to gender before and during COVID-19 lockdown.

	Before COVID-19 Lockdown							During COVID-19 Lockdown
Variables	Boys (N = 639)		Girls (N = 731)		Total (N = 1370)		p-Value ^a	Boys (N = 639)		Girls (N = 731)		Total (N = 1370)		p-Value ^b	Boys p-Value ^c	Girls p-Value ^d
BMI (kg/m²) *	20.53 ± 3.88		19.98 ± 3.84		20.23 ± 3.87		0.010 ^e	21.22 ± 6.95		20.60 ± 3.69		20.89 ± 5.47		0.041 ^e	0.029 ^f	0.002 ^g
BMI-for-age level	N	%	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%	N	%
Underweight	38	6.0	48	6.6	86	6.3	0.344	14	2.2	18	2.5	32	2.3	0.607	0.007	0.001
Normal weight	456	71.4	542	74.2	998	72.9		461	72.1	548	75.0	1009	73.7
Overweight	104	16.3	94	12.9	198	14.5		117	18.3	118	16.1	235	17.2
Obese	41	6.4	47	6.4	88	6.4		47	7.4	47	6.4	94	6.9
Physical activity level	N	%	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%	N	%
Low	104	16.3	161	22.0	265	19.3	0.003	484	75.7	551	75.4	1035	75.6	0.954	<0.001	<0.001
Moderate	522	81.7	565	77.3	1087	79.3		149	23.3	174	23.8	323	23.6
High	13	2.0	5	0.7	18	1.3		6	0.9	6	0.8	12	0.9
MET-min/week *	3939.4 ± 894.9		3703.9 ± 812.2		3813.7 ± 859.2		<0.001 ^e	2470.5 ± 386.6		2469.8 ± 337.9		2470.1 ± 180.3		0.472 ^e	<0.001	<0.001
Organized activities (sports)	N	%	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%	N	%
<2 d/week	158	24.7	255	34.9	413	30.2	<0.001	165	25.8	256	35.0	421	30.7	<0.001	0.878	<0.001
2–3 d/week	251	39.3	247	33.8	498	36.4		251	39.3	354	48.4	605	44.2
≥4 d/week	230	36.0	229	31.3	459	33.5		223	34.9	121	16.6	344	25.1
Non-organized activities (games)	N	%	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%	N	%
<2 d/week	99	15.5	150	20.5	249	18.2	0.005	142	22.2	222	30.4	364	26.6	0.002	0.007	<0.001
2–3 d/week	208	32.6	262	35.8	470	34.3		181	28.3	202	27.6	383	28.0
≥4 d/week	332	52.0	319	43.6	651	47.5		316	49.5	307	42.0	623	45.5
Class/homework sitting	N	%	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%	N	%
>7 h/day	375	58.7	487	66.6	862	62.9	0.002	459	71.8	476	65.1	935	68.3	0.008	<0.001	0.544
<7 h/day	264	41.3	244	33.4	508	37.1	0.002	180	28.2	255	34.9	435	31.8	0.008	<0.001	0.544
PC/tablet/mobile phone use	N	%	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%	N	%
<2 h/day	178	27.9	204	27.9	382	27.9	0.964	113	17.7	115	15.7	228	16.6	0.333	<0.001	<0.001
≥2 h/day	461	72.1	527	72.1	988	72.1	0.964	526	82.3	616	84.3	1142	83.4	0.333	<0.001	<0.001
TV watching	N	%	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%	N	%
<2 h/day	588	92.0	677	92.6	1265	92.3	0.680	555	86.9	629	86.1	1184	86.4	0.663	0.003	<0.001
≥2 h/day	51	8.0	54	7.4	105	7.7	0.680	84	13.2	102	14.0	186	13.6	0.663	0.003	<0.001
Sleeping (h/day) *	7.83 ± 0.95		7.73 ± 0.94		7.77 ± 0.95		0.067 ^e	8.09 ± 0.73		8.04 ± 0.71		8.06 ± 0.72		0.159 ^e	<0.001 ^f	<0.001 ^g
Sleeping (h/day) *	N	%	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%	N	%
≤7 h/day	378	59.2	461	63.1	839	61.2	0.319	357	55.9	451	61.7	808	59.0	0.032	0.001	0.044
8–9 h/day	12	1.9	11	1.5	23	1.7		37	5.8	26	3.6	63	4.6
>9 h/day	249	39.0	259	35.4	508	37.1		245	38.3	254	34.8	499	36.4

* Values are presented as means and SD; ^a Chi-squared test for differences between boys and girls before on-line (p < 0.05); ^b Chi-squared test for differences between boys and girls during on-line (p < 0.05); ^c McNemar’s test for differences between boys before and during on-line (p < 0.05); ^d McNemar’s test for differences between girls before and during on-line (p < 0.05); ^e Student’s t-test between boys and girls (p < 0.05); ^f Student’s t-test between boys before and during on-line (p < 0.05); ^g Student’s t-test between girls before and during on-line (p < 0.05).