Table 3.
Compliance with KIDMED score items among schoolchildren (N = 1370) according to gender, physical activity level and BMI-for-age classes (%).
| KIDMED Score | Boys (N = 639) |
Girls (N = 731) |
p-Value * | Non-Active (N = 1035) |
Active (N = 335) |
p-Value * | Underweight (N = 32) |
Normal Weight (N = 1009) |
Overweight (N = 235) |
Obesity (N = 94) |
p-Value * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a fruit/day | 72.6 | 73.6 | 0.682 | 73.4 | 72.2 | 0.669 | 75.0 | 73.7 | 73.6 | 64.9 | 0.318 |
| second fruit/day | 53.1 | 53.8 | 0.793 | 51.9 | 57.0 | 0.102 | 53.1 | 54.5 | 51.9 | 41.5 | 0.110 |
| vegetables/day | 100.0 | 100.0 | 0.999 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 0.999 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 0.999 |
| more vegetable/day | 50.8 | 55.6 | 0.075 | 37.7 | 41.2 | 0.251 | 40.0 | 53.9 | 45.6 | 58.6 | 0.038 |
| fish ≥ 2 times/week | 35.8 | 30.4 | 0.032 | 33.3 | 31.6 | 0.567 | 37.5 | 34.2 | 31.1 | 22.3 | 0.103 |
| legumes ≥ 2 times/week | 67.9 | 59.8 | 0.002 | 62.9 | 65.7 | 0.359 | 50.0 | 62.7 | 66.8 | 69.2 | 0.159 |
| grain products ≥ 5 times/week | 46.0 | 40.5 | 0.037 | 42.9 | 43.6 | 0.827 | 50.0 | 43.5 | 41.3 | 40.4 | 0.733 |
| whole grain cereals and products for breakfast | 80.9 | 82.4 | 0.490 | 82.0 | 80.6 | 0.556 | 84.4 | 82.9 | 78.3 | 76.6 | 0.212 |
| milk, dairy for breakfast | 87.0 | 83.2 | 0.047 | 84.3 | 87.2 | 0.195 | 87.5 | 85.6 | 84.9 | 78.7 | 0.334 |
| no baked goods or pastries for breakfast | 53.1 | 56.5 | 0.201 | 53.7 | 58.5 | 0.126 | 40.6 | 53.3 | 60.9 | 61.7 | 0.033 |
| nuts ≥ 2 times/week | 59.0 | 63.9 | 0.064 | 61.4 | 62.4 | 0.735 | 65.6 | 62.2 | 60.9 | 55.3 | 0.569 |
| yogurt or cheese every day | 75.6 | 69.5 | 0.012 | 71.9 | 73.7 | 0.511 | 78.1 | 75.0 | 70.6 | 67.0 | 0.209 |
| no sweets or candies every day | 58.5 | 50.2 | 0.002 | 53.2 | 56.7 | 0.267 | 56.3 | 51.6 | 60.4 | 63.8 | 0.019 |
| fast food ≤ 1 times/week | 78.1 | 83.6 | 0.010 | 80.3 | 83.3 | 0.225 | 90.6 | 80.7 | 83.0 | 76.6 | 0.286 |
| olive oil every day | 77.9 | 82.2 | 0.047 | 79.4 | 82.7 | 0.192 | 81.3 | 81.2 | 78.7 | 73.4 | 0.298 |
| do not skip breakfast | 84.0 | 77.0 | 0.001 | 91.3 | 93.4 | 0.217 | 93.8 | 92.9 | 88.5 | 88.3 | 0.086 |
* Chi-squared test for differences between boys and girls, non-active and active children, and between underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity group (p < 0.05).