. 2021 Oct 22;13(11):3723. doi: 10.3390/nu13113723

Table 3.

Correlations between MD food categories and BMI (including BMI categories) and cognitive outcomes.

Variables	Regression Model	BMI	Locomotor	Personal–Social	Hearing and Language	Hand–Eye Coordination	Performance	Practical Reasoning
Cereals (g/week)	Bivariate	−0.188	0.029	0.208	−0.010	0.032	−0.030	0.137
Cereals (g/week)	Adjusted	−0.042	0.004	0.274	0.109	0.035	−0.055	0.227
Potatoes (g/week)	Bivariate	−0.077	0.078	−0.012	−0.021	0.037	−0.057	0.116
Potatoes (g/week)	Adjusted	−0.307	0.114	−0.049	−0.210	0.008	−0.010	0.158
Legumes (g/week)	Bivariate	0.096	0.011	0.061	0.002	−0.093	0.103	−0.105
Legumes (g/week)	Adjusted	0.113	0.079	0.104	−0.009	−0.044	0.188	−0.146
Eggs (g/week)	Bivariate	−0.162	−0.085	0.068	−0.130	0.229	0.188	−0.028
Eggs (g/week)	Adjusted	−0.059	−0.089	−0.049	−0.213	0.380	0.199	−0.113
Red and processed meats (g/week)	Bivariate	0.237	0.033	0.097	0.121	0.012	−0.007	−0.006
Red and processed meats (g/week)	Adjusted	0.319	0.185	0.217	0.188	0.059	0.057	0.056
White meat (g/week)	Bivariate	0.377 **	0.081	0.084	0.054	0.009	−0.111	−0.080
White meat (g/week)	Adjusted	0.440 **	0.267	0.303	0.067	0.089	0.023	−0.015
Vegetables (g/week)	Bivariate	−0.067	0.242	0.295 *	0.067	0.037	0.101	0.030
Vegetables (g/week)	Adjusted	0.073	0.285	0.315	−0.009	0.051	0.005	−0.006
Fruit and nuts (g/week)	Bivariate	−0.030	0.059	0.044	−0.168	0.018	−0.124	−0.032
Fruit and nuts (g/week)	Adjusted	0.085	0.053	0.046	−0.088	0.199	−0.102	0.181
Dairy products (g/week)	Bivariate	−0.232	0.030	−0.015	0.053	0.101	0.275 *	0.233
Dairy products (g/week)	Adjusted	−0.177	−0.021	−0.093	0.024	0.027	0.272	0.233
Unsaturated/saturated fats ratio	Bivariate	−0.023	−0.078	−0.018	−0.037	0.369 **	0.254	0.212
Unsaturated/saturated fats ratio	Adjusted	−0.009	−0.282	−0.224	−0.086	0.295	0.222	−0.002
BMI categories	Bivariate	0.792 **	−0.131	−0.083	−0.115	−0.005	−0.100	−0.358 **
BMI categories	Adjusted	0.811 **	−0.122	0.084	−0.126	0.100	0.063	−0.329 *

The table provides the results of the regression analysis for both the bivariate and adjusted models. Bivariate analyses were performed in n = 53 (list-wise deletion) and partial correlation analyses were performed in n = 43 (list-wise deletion); p-values were corrected for the false discovery rate using the Benjamini–Hochberg (Q = 0.20). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. Adjustment for confounders in multivariate analyses includes mothers’ IQ estimate, parents’ ESeC, exclusive/non-exclusive breastfeeding, actual age at cognitive assessment and gender.