Table 2.

Advantages and limitations associated with the major classes of nanocarriers that have been employed for the delivery of hesperidin or hesperetin in preclinical BC models.

	Advantages	Limitations	References
Lipid-based Nanoparticles	-Biocompatibility and biodegradability -Easy, large-scale and low-cost production -Great temporal and thermal stability -High drug loading capacity	-High reticuloendothelial system clearance	Colone et al., 2020, García-Pinel et al., 2019
Metallic Nanoparticles	-Simple production -Simple surface chemistry and functionalisation -Unique magnetic and optical properties	-Low stability -Potential risks of toxicity -Poor biocompatibility	Colone et al., 2020, Sharma et al., 2018
Nanocrystals	-Fast dissolution rate -High solubility -Long circulation time	-Inability to achieve uniform and accurate dose -Physicochemical-related stability issues	Gigliobianco et al. (2018)
Polymeric Nanoparticles	-Biocompatibility and biodegradability -Easy surface modification -High aqueous solubility -High stability during storage	-Potential risks of particle aggregation and toxicity	Mitchell et al., 2020
Protein-based Nanoparticles	-Biocompatibility and biodegradability -High drug loading capacity -Increased cellular uptake -Possibility of easy and low-cost production -Possibility of surface functionalisation	-Immunogenicity -Possibility of batch-to-batch variation -Possibility of disease transmission from animal sources	Kianfar (2021)