(a) Schematic representation of the transmitter, including essential outer dimensions and individual components. (A) Optically absorbing active element, (B) High-impedance backing layer, (C) Tube segment enclosing air cavity, (D) Threaded mounting piece with fibre passage, (E) Outer and inner O-rings for watertightness and fibre clamping (inner only), (F) Fibre clamping chuck, (G) Optical fibre for light delivery. (b) Photograph of a finished LIUS transmitter.