Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the studied groups
| Variables | CAD patients N = 66 |
NCAD patients (Control group) N = 16 |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62 (38–78) | 64 (29–75) | 0.727 |
| Age of CAD, years | 53 (37–73) | – | – |
| Male/female | 49/17 | 8/8 | > 0.05 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9 (21.1–41) | 23.9 (20.9–32.9) | 0.029 |
| Waist circumference, cm | Males | Males | |
| 98.5 (81–125) | 84 (69–104) | 0.001 | |
| Females | Females | ||
| 91 (79–113) | 92 (58–103) | 0.888 | |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | Males: 0.96 ± 0.04 | Males: 0.89 ± 0.04 | 0.024 |
| Females: 0.82 ± 0.06 | Females: 0.83 ± 0.11 | 0.931 | |
| EAT thickness, mm | 6.49 ± 2.52 | 5.33 ± 1.93 | 0.106 |
| Smoking | |||
| Never smoked | 29 (44%) | 14 (88%) | 0.003 |
| Ex-smokers | 16 (24%) | 1 (6%) | 0.100 |
| Smoking during the time of the study | 12 (18%) | 0 (0%) | 0.060 |
| Smoking status is unknown | 9 (14%) | 1 (6%) | – |
| Features of the diagnosis: | |||
| Patients with one-vessel coronary artery disease, N (%) | 7 (10.1%) | – | – |
| Patients with two-vessel coronary artery disease, N (%) | 16 (23.2%) | – | – |
| Patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease, N (%) | 46 (66.7%) | – | – |
| Patients with CAD and established concomitant carotid artery disease or peripheral artery disease, N (%) | 8 (12%) | – | – |
| Biochemical parameters | |||
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.47 (0.35–5.09) | 1.07 (0.40–3.82) | 0.042 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.85 ± 1.47 | 4.57 ± 1.02 | 0.592 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.21 (0.70–2.35) | 1.20 (0.50–1.82) | 0.369 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.59 ± 1.34 | 2.84 ± 0.53 | 0.339 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.55 (4.50–8.80) | 5.25 (4.30–8.70) | 0.083 |