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. 2021 Nov 23;15:4741–4757. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S334421

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© 2021 Wu et al.

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Inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by SSD is associated with regulation of RANKL/RANK pathway. After RANKL secreted by osteoblasts combined with RANKL, TRAF6 is activated in the cytoplasm of osteoclasts. Then the downstream pathways including NF-κB, MAPKs and PI3K-AKT are activated, leading to the automatic expansion of NFATc1, c-FOS and AP-1. Several osteoclast related genes such as NFATc1, Dcstamp, c-Fos, Acp 5, V-ATPase d2 and MMP9 are upregulated, which are essential for osteoclasts differentiation and formation. Our results for the first time demonstrated that SSD suppressed osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting RANKL-induced multiple downstream pathways.