Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Cirrhosis Patients in Pharmetrics Database from 2007 to 2015 (N= 18,070)
| VARIABLE | FREQUENCY+ n (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| TOTAL n=18,070 | AC n=377 | AP n=385 | NSAIDS n=1,231 | NONE n=16,077 | |
| Age | |||||
| 18 – 49 | 4686 (25.9%) | 73 (19.4%) | 36 (9.4%) | 339 (27.5%) | 4238 (26.4%) |
| 50 – 64 | 13384 (74.1%) | 304 (80.6%) | 349 (90.6%) | 892 (72.5%) | 11839 (73.6%) |
|
| |||||
| Sex & | |||||
| Female | 7691 (42.6%) | 155 (41.1%) | 132 (34.3%) | 569 (46.2%) | 6835 (42.5%) |
| Male | 10376 (57.4%) | 222 (58.9%) | 253 (65.7%) | 662 (53.8%) | 9239 (57.5%) |
|
| |||||
| US Region | |||||
| East | 3201 (17.7%) | 57 (15.1%) | 86 (22.3%) | 156 (12.7%) | 2902 (18.1%) |
| Midwest | 5224 (28.9%) | 132 (35.0%) | 95 (24.7%) | 287 (23.3%) | 4710 (29.3%) |
| South | 5259 (29.1%) | 105 (27.9%) | 140 (36.4%) | 442 (35.9%) | 4572 (28.4%) |
| West | 4386 (24.3%) | 83 (22.2%) | 64 (16.6%) | 346 (28.1%) | 3893 (24.2%) |
|
| |||||
| Cirrhosis Etiology | |||||
| Alcohol Only | 3294 (18.2%) | 55 (14.6%) | 66 (17.1%) | 183 (14.9%) | 2990 (18.6%) |
| Viral Hepatitis Only | 6143 (34.0%) | 79 (21.0%) | 108 (28.1%) | 426 (34.6%) | 5530 (34.4%) |
| Both Alcohol/Viral | 532 (2.9%) | 6 (1.6%) | 9 (2.3%) | 42 (3.4%) | 475 (3.0%) |
| NAFLD/Cryptogenic | 7475 (41.4%) | 222 (58.9%) | 189 (49.1%) | 546 (44.4%) | 6518 (40.5%) |
| Other (PBC, PSC, AIH) | 626 (3.5%) | 15 (4.0%) | 13 (3.4%) | 34 (2.8%) | 564 (3.5%) |
|
| |||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) ^ | |||||
| CCI 0 | 662 (3.7%) | 8 (2.1%) | 7 (1.8%) | 40 (3.2%) | 607(3.8%) |
| CCI 1 | 8745 (48.4%) | 112 (29.7%) | 95 (24.7%) | 522 (42.4%) | 8016 (49.9%) |
| CCI 2 | 4031 (22.3%) | 88 (23.3%) | 99 (25.7%) | 359 (29.2%) | 3485 (21.7%) |
| CCI > 2 | 4632 (25.6%) | 169 (44.8%) | 184 (47.8%) | 310 (25.2%) | 3969 (24.7%) |
|
| |||||
| Prior Portal HTN Complications by ICD-9 or CPT ^ | |||||
| Any Portal HTN Complication | 6215 (34.4%) | 210 (55.7%) | 168 (43.6%) | 372 (30.2%) | 5465 (34.0%) |
| Ascites | 4041 (22.4%) | 178 (47.2%) | 117 (30.4%) | 232 (18.8%) | 3514 (21.9%) |
| Hepatic Encephalopathy | 1085 (6.0%) | 22 (5.8%) | 33 (8.6%) | 69 (5.6%) | 961 (6.0%) |
| HCC | 267 (1.5%) | 3 (0.8%) | 9 (2.3%) | 17 (1.4%) | 238 (1.5%) |
| Hepatorenal Syndrome / Acute Kidney Failure / CKD | 663 (3.7%) | 39 (10.3%) | 35 (9.1%) | 31 (2.5%) | 558 (3.5%) |
| Jaundice | 928 (5.1%) | 15 (4.0%) | 7 (1.8%) | 42 (3.4%) | 864 (5.4%) |
| SBP | 59 (0.3%) | 3 (0.8%) | 1 (0.3%) | 3 (0.2%) | 52 (0.3%) |
| TIPS | 3 (0.0%) | 1 (0.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.0%) |
| Varices | 839 (4.6%) | 12 (3.2%) | 14 (3.6%) | 45 (3.7%) | 768 (4.8%) |
|
| |||||
| Cardiac / Vascular Comorbidities ^ | |||||
| Any Comorbidity | 6339 (35.1%) | 293 (77.7%) | 269 (69.9%) | 500 (40.6%) | 5277 (32.8%) |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 530 (2.9%) | 154 (40.8%) | 25 (6.5%) | 21 (1.7%) | 330 (2.1%) |
| CHF | 1032 (5.7%) | 116 (30.8%) | 69 (17.9%) | 59 (4.8%) | 788 (4.9%) |
| CVA/TIA | 773 (4.3%) | 35 (9.3%) | 71 (18.4%) | 57 (4.6%) | 610 (3.8%) |
| Diabetes | 4774 (26.4%) | 136 (36.1%) | 189 (49.1%) | 394 (32.0%) | 4055 (25.2%) |
| MI | 261 (1.4%) | 20 (5.3%) | 51 (13.2%) | 11 (0.9%) | 179 (1.1%) |
| PE / DVT | 279 (1.5%) | 66 (17.5%) | 6 (1.6%) | 18 (1.5%) | 189 (1.2%) |
| PVD | 398 (2.2%) | 24 (6.4%) | 40 (10.4%) | 35 (2.8%) | 299 (1.9%) |
| PVT | 87 (0.5%) | 15 (4.0%) | 1 (0.3%) | 6 (0.5%) | 65 (0.4%) |
|
| |||||
| Prior Medication ^ | |||||
| Levothyroxine | 421 (2.3%) | 13 (3.4%) | 14 (3.6%) | 35 (2.8%) | 359 (2.2%) |
| Statins | 2106 (11.7%) | 99 (26.3%) | 184 (47.8%) | 156 (12.7%) | 1667 (10.4%) |
Anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and prescription NSAIDs evaluated from cirrhosis index to six months after index; demographics provided for six-month landmark analysis of all bleeding events.
3 participants had missing values for sex: 2 in the statin group and 1 in the none group.
Conditions, comorbidities, CCI, and prior medications evaluated in the year prior to cirrhosis index.
Abbreviations: Anticoagulant (AC); Anti-platelet (AP); Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI); Congestive heart failure (CHF); Chronic kidney disease (CKD); Current Procedural Terminology (CPT); Deep vein thrombosis (DVT); Hypertension (HTN); International Classification of Diseases (ICD); Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS); Pulmonary embolus (PE); Peripheral vascular disease (PVD); Portal vein thrombosis (PVT); Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP); Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)