. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: West J Nurs Res. 2021 May 28;44(9):854–862. doi: 10.1177/01939459211018828

Table 6.

Factors associated with individual clusters (N=94).

Characteristics	High^a (vs. Low^c) Adjusted OR (95% CI)	Moderate^b (vs. Low^c) Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Sub-ethnicity
Chinese	1.00	1.00
Korean	0.17 (0.14-2.06)	0.64 (0.16-2.59)
Japan	0.94 (0.05-16.24)	1.21 (0.23-6.39)
The level of acculturation	0.63 (0.17-2.82)	0.61 (0.23-1.63)
Perceived health status	0.38 (0.18-0.84)^*	0.48 (0.24-0.92)
The use of medicine
Yes	2.35 (0.39-14.23)	4.79 (1.26-18.23)^*
No	1.00	1.00
Perceived social isolation	3.80 (0.34-43.14)	1.92 (0.31-11.76)
Perceived social support	0.97 (0.32-3.00)	0.78 (0.32-1.90)

Note. The low symptom cluster was used as a reference group.

OR = Odds Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval

Cluster 1 = The cluster with high severity scores of total, psychological, physical, and psychosomatic symptoms

Cluster 2 = The cluster with moderate severity scores of total, psychological, physical, and psychosomatic symptoms

Cluster 3 = The cluster with low severity scores of total, psychological, physical, and psychosomatic symptoms

p < 0.05

^**

p < 0.01