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. 2016 Jan 13;2016(1):CD010764. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010764.pub2

3. Commonly used medications in diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2) for the management of hyperglycaemia.

Class/Drug Expected decrease in HbA1c
ORAL ANTIDIABETIC THERAPY
Metformin 1% to 2%
Sulfonylureas
  • glibenclamide

  • gliclazide

  • glimepiride

  • glipizide

1% to 2%
DPP‐4‐inhibitors
  • sitagliptin

  • vildagliptin,

  • saxagliptin

  • linagliptin

  • anagliptin

  • alogliptin

0.5% to 0.8%
Acarbose 0.5% to 0.8%
Thiazolidinedione (glitazones)
  • pioglitazone

  • rosglitazone

0.5% to 1.4%
PARENTERAL THERAPY
GLP‐analogues
  • exenatide

  • liraglutide

  • lixisenatide

0.5% to 1.0%
Insulin 1.5% to 3.5%
Insulin Generic name
Very‐short‐acting (rapid) Aspart
Glulisine
Lispro
Short‐acting Neutral
Intermediate‐acting Isophane (protamine suspension)
Long‐acting Determir
Glargine
Biphasic Neutral/isophane
Lispro/lispro protamine
Aspart/aspart protamine
Methods of insulin delivery
  • Syringe

  • Pen injector

  • Pump/continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion