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. 2021 Nov 16;7(4):217. doi: 10.3390/gels7040217

Table 3.

Clinical studies examining the use of MSC-laden hydrogels for cartilage engineering.

Author Year Defect Type Cell Source Hydrogel Study Design Results
Leet et al. [82] 2012 Chondral lesion BMSCs HA hydrogels

  • BMSCs + hydrogel

  • Microfracture + hydrogel

  • Less-invasive surgery method for application of BMSCs + hydrogel

  • No significant differences regarding the functional outcome and patient satisfaction
Pipino et al. [87] 2019 Osteochondral defect ADMSCs Polyglucosamine/glucosamine carbonate hydrogels

  • Microfractures + ADMSCs + hydrogel

  • Microfracture

  • High patient satisfaction following treatment with ADMSCs + hydrogels

  • Enhanced cartilage repair in the group treated with ADMSCs + hydrogels

ADMSCs: adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells; BMSCs: bone marrow-derived MSCs; HA: hyaluronic acid.