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. 2021 Nov 17;9(4):85. doi: 10.3390/diseases9040085

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Structure of (A) Nipah from [103] (B) Hendra [104] (C) SARS-CoV-2 [105] (D) Ebola [106]. SARS, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS all require HS to act as a coreceptor in order to bind to host cells [5,6,48]. Many studies have been performed to investigate the inhibitory properties of HS against SARS and SARS-CoV-2. These studies have shown that sulfated polysaccharides exhibit similar inhibition [14]. Suramin is typically used as an antiparasitic treatment in humans; however, suramin shows significant inhibition of SAR-CoV-2 infection [107].