Table 3.
Academic functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
| Academic Functioning | Overall | Bachelor Students | Master Students | PhD Students |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quality | 0.0 (2.0) | 0.3 (2.0) | −0.2 (2.0) | −0.9 (1.8) a |
| Time | 0.7 (2.4) * | 0.9 (2.5) * | 0.6 (2.2) | 0.5 (2.5) |
| Grades/Output | 0.4 (2.0) * | 0.8 (2.0) * | 0.1 (2.0) | −0.6 (1.9) a |
| Knowledge | 0.2 (2.3) | 0.3 (2.5) | 0.0 (2.2) | 0.2 (1.7) |
| Reading | 0.4 (2.0) * | 0.3 (2.1) | 0.3 (2.2) | 0.7 (1.2) |
| Writing | 0.4 (1.8) * | 0.6 (1.8) * | 0.2 (1.8) | 0.2 (1.6) |
| Contact with teachers | −2.1 (2.2) * | −2.3 (2.3) * | −2.0 (2.0) * | −1.0 (1.6) *,a,b |
| Interactions with students | −3.0 (2.1) * | −2.9 (2.2) * | −3.3 (1.9) * | −2.6 (1.6) * |
| Balance study-private life | −1.5 (2.5) * | −1.5 (2.6) * | −1.4 (2.5) * | −2.0 (2.4) * |
| Role satisfaction | −0.6 (2.4) * | −0.5 (2.5) | −0.6 (2.2) | −1.0 (2.2) |
Mean (SD) are shown. Significant changes relative to ‘before COVID-19’ (Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test (p < 0.005, after Bonferroni’s correction) are indicated by *. Significant differences between the groups (p < 0.002, after Bonferroni’s correction) are indicated as follows: a = significantly different from Bachelor students, b = significantly different from Master students.