Table 2.
Gene flow and genetic differentiation of narcissus late season yellows virus (NLSYV) and narcissus yellow stripe virus (NYSV), considering their phylogenetic groupa
| Virus/region/subpopulationb | Parameterc | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ks* (P value)d | Z* (P value) | Snn (P value) | FST (P value) | Nm | |
| NLSYV cp | |||||
| I (n = 15)e vs. III (n = 9) | 2.441 (0.000***) | 3.928 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.777 (0.000***) | 0.07 |
| I (n = 15) vs. IV (n = 4) | 2.665 (0.000***) | 3.813 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.743 (0.000***) | 0.12 |
| I (n = 15) vs. V (n = 11) | 2.166 (0.000***) | 4.037 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.903 (0.000***) | 0.02 |
| III (n = 9) vs. IV (n = 4) | 2.499 (0.003**) | 2.877 (0.003**) | 1.000 (0.007**) | 0.698 (0.000***) | 0.13 |
| III (n = 9) vs. V (n = 11) | 1.885 (0.000***) | 3.585 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.919 (0.000***) | 0.02 |
| IV (n = 4) vs. V (n = 11) | 1.937 (0.000***) | 3.269 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.873 (0.000***) | 0.06 |
| NIb | |||||
| I (n = 7) vs. III (n = 9) | 2.348 (0.000***) | 3.130 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.001**) | 0.730 (0.000***) | 0.09 |
| I (n = 7) vs. IV (n = 2) | 2.676 (0.340*) | 2.162 (0.0340*) | 1.000 (0.1050 ns) | 0.709 (0.0180*) | 0.16 |
| I (n = 7) vs. V (n = 11) | 2.318 (0.000***) | 3.431 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.001**) | 0.898 (0.000***) | 0.03 |
| III (n = 9) vs. IV (n = 2) | 2.114 (0.005**) | 2.689 (0.008**) | 1.000 (0.039*) | 0.728 (0.054 ns) | 0.15 |
| III (n = 9) vs. V (n = 11) | 2.117 (0.000***) | 3.543 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.893 (0.000***) | 0.03 |
| IV (n = 2) vs. V (n = 11) | 2.120 (0.017*) | 3.065 (0.009**) | 1.000 (0.027*) | 0.893(0.0180*) | 0.06 |
| NYSV CP | |||||
| I (n = 14) vs. II (n = 8) | 3.111 (0.000***) | 3.878 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.845 (0.000***) | 0.05 |
| I (n = 14) vs. III (n = 16) | 2.756 (0.000***) | 4.382 (0.0000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.845 (0.000***) | 0.05 |
| II (n = 8) vs. III (n = 16) | 2.980 (0.000***) | 4.096 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.801 (0.000***) | 0.06 |
| NIb | |||||
| I (n = 14) vs. II (n = 9) | 3.203 (0.000***) | 3.958 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.798 (0.000***) | 0.07 |
| I (n = 14) vs. III (n = 16) | 2.711 (0.000***) | 4.384 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.806 (0.000***) | 0.06 |
| II (n = 9) vs. III (n = 16) | 3.028 (0.000***) | 4.145 (0.000***) | 1.000 (0.000***) | 0.751 (0.000***) | 0.09 |
aGenetic differentiation and gene flow level between populations were assessed by four statistical tests in DnaSP version 5.10.01 (Librado and Rozas 2009). FST values were estimated by Arlequin 3.11 software (Excoffier et al. 2005). The results were estimated for coat protein (CP) and partial nuclear inclusion b protein (NIb) regions of NLSYV and NYSV
bNon-recombinant sequences from Iran and other parts of the world, listed in Tables S3, S5 and Figs. 2, S5, were used
cKs* and Z* are the sequence-based statistics; Snn is the nearest-neighbor statistic; FST is the inter-population component of genetic variation of the standardized variance in allele frequencies across populations; and Nm is the migration fraction per generation
dP-values were determined by permutation tests with 1000 replicates (ns: not significant, * 0.01 < P < 0.05, ** 0.001 < P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001)
eNumber of sequences (population size of each subpopulation)