. 2021 Nov 4;6(4):93. doi: 10.3390/jfmk6040093

Table 6.

Maximal oxygen consumption VO₂ (mL/min/kg) at rest with and without L-carnitine supplementation and after exercise with and without L-carnitine supplementation.

Authors	Carnitine Dosage	N1	N2	Mean 1	SD 1	Mean 2	SD 2	SMD	SE	95% CI	t	p	Weight (%)		Test for Heterogeneity
													Fixed	Random
Chun 2011	2 g/d, 4 w	6	6	57.07	3.07	57.52	3.42	−0.128	0.533	−1.316 to 1.061			7.72	7.72	Q	6.3892
Chun 2011	3 g/d, 4 w	6	6	62.06	7.29	60.00	6.16	0.282	0.536	−0.912 to 1.476			7.65	7.65	DF	10
Chun 2011	4 g/d, 4 w	6	6	59.33	7.57	67.26	7.66	−0.961	0.568	−2.226 to 0.304			6.82	6.82	Significance level	p = 0.7816
Chun 2011	5 g/d, 4 w	6	6	59.78	6.47	63.64	4.86	−0.622	0.548	−1.843 to 0.598			7.32	7.32	I² (inconsistency)	0.00%
Chun 2011	6 g/d, 4 w	6	6	59.90	4.88	61.20	4.44	−0.257	0.535	−1.450 to 0.936			7.67	7.67	95% CI for I²	0.00 to 37.99
Greig 1987	2 g/d, 2 w	9	9	41.4	7.5	41.6	8.8	−0.0233	0.449	−0.975 to 0.928			10.90	10.90
Greig 1987	2 g/d, 4 w	10	10	45.2	12.0	43.6	12.0	0.128	0.429	−0.773 to 1.028			11.95	11.95
Marconi 1985	4 g/d, 2 w	6	6	54.5	3.7	57.8	4.7	−0.720	0.553	−1.951 to 0.511			7.19	7.19
Parandak 2014	2 g/d, 2 w	11	10	22.4	0.8	23.0	0.6	−0.809	0.438	−1.724 to 0.107			11.47	11.47
Vecchiet 1990	2 g/d, one time	10	10	43.91	7.87	47.18	9.59	−0.357	0.432	−1.265 to 0.551			11.77	11.77
Wachter 2002	4 g/d, 12 w	8	8	17.1	1.6	18.0	1.9	−0.484	0.480	−1.515 to 0.546			9.52	9.52
Total (fixed effects)		83	83					−0.339	0.148	−0.632 to −0.0465	−2.288	0.023	100.00	100.00
Total (random effects)		83	83					−0.339	0.148	−0.632 to −0.0465	−2.288	0.023	100.00	100.00
Authors	Carnitine Dosage	N1	N2	Mean 1	SD 1	Mean 2	SD 2	SMD	SE	95% CI	t	p	Weight (%)		Test for Heterogeneity
													Fixed	Random
Greig 1987	2 g/d, 2 w	9	9	41.4	7.5	41.6	8.8	−0.0233	0.449	−0.975 to 0.928			48.72	49.19	Q	1.5691
Parandak 2014	2 g/d, 2 w	11	10	22.4	0.8	23.0	0.6	−0.809	0.438	−1.724 to 0.107			51.28	50.81	DF	1
Total (fixed effects)		20	20					−0.426	0.313	−1.061 to 0.209	−1.359	0.182	100.0	100.00	Significance level	p = 0.2103
Total (random effects)		20	20					−0.422	0.393	−1.218 to 0.373	−1.076	0.289	100.0	100.00	I²	36.27%
															95% CI for I²	0.00 to 0.00
Chun 2011	2 g/d, 4 w	6	6	57.07	3.07	57.52	3.42	−0.128	0.533	−1.316 to 1.061			39.25	39.25	Q	0.1393
Greig 1987	2 g/d, 4 w	10	10	45.2	12.0	43.6	12.0	0.128	0.429	−0.773 to 1.028			60.75	60.75	DF	1
Total (fixed effects)		16	16					0.0274	0.334	−0.655 to 0.710	0.0820	0.935	100.0	100.00	Significance level	p = 0.7089
Total (random effects)		16	16					0.0274	0.334	−0.655 to 0.710	0.0820	0.935	100.0	100.00	I²	0.00%
															95% CI for I²	0.00 to 0.00

VO₂: Maximal oxygen consumption, w: weeks, g: grams, d: days, l: milliliter, min: minutes, L-carn: L-carnitine, SD: standard deviation, N: number of subjects, 1: subjects that did not use carnitine, 2: subjects used carn, SMD: standard mean differences, SE: standard error, CI: confidential intervals, SD: standard deviation, I²: inconsistency.