Skip to main content
. 2021 Nov 29;129(11):117009. doi: 10.1289/EHP8109

Figure 2.

Figures 2A(a) to 2A(d) are line graphs titled Weight, Length, Head circumference, and Mid-upper arm circumference, plotting Weight (kilogram), ranging from 2 to 10 in increments of 2; Length (centimeter), ranging from 40 to 80 in increments of 10; head circumference (centimeter), ranging from 30 to 50 in increments of 5; and Mid-upper arm circumference, ranging from 10 to 18 in increments of 2 (y-axis) across Child age (months), ranging from 0 to 12 in increments of 3 (x-axis) for heaviest, heavy-moderate, light-moderate, and lightest; longest, moderate, and shortest; largest, medium, and smallest; and largest, large-moderate, small-moderate, and smallest, respectively. Figures 2B(a) to 2B(c) are line graphs titled Weight for age lowercase z score, Length for age lowercase z score, and Weight for length lowercase z score, plotting Weight for age lowercase z score, Length for age lowercase z score, and Weight for length lowercase z score ranging from negative 3 to 4 in unit increments (y-axis) across Child Age (months), ranging from 3 to 12 in increments of 3 (x-axis) for normal to high, normal, at risk for underweight, and underweight; normal to high, normal, at risk for stunting, and stunted; overweight, normal, at risk for wasting, and wasted, respectively.

(A) Latent class growth trajectories for (a) weight, (b) length, (c) head circumference, and (d) MUAC. Weight, length, head circumference, and MUAC were measured at birth and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, and latent class growth analyses were employed to construct trajectories for each measurement. In general, trajectories appear distinct at birth although differences in slope are visualized through 6 months of life. (B) Latent class growth trajectories for (a) WAZ, (b) LAZ, and (c) WLZ calculated from 3 months of age using the 2006 WHO child growth standards. z-Score trajectories suggest that trajectories of wasting (WLZ<−2), stunting (LAZ<−2), and underweight (WAZ<−2) are largely present at 3 months of age and persist through 12 months of age. Note: LAZ, length-for-age z-score; MUAC, mid-upper arm circumference; WAZ, weight-for-age z-score; WLZ, weight-for-length z-score; WHO, World Health Organization.