Table 1.

Examples of manifestations of the relationship between perceived and actual bodily sensations from common reactions to clinical forms

Hypochondriasis (ICD-11; DCPR-R)	Fearful conviction of having a serious life-threatening disease based on a (cognitive) misinterpretation of bodily signals or somatic symptoms.
Illness Anxiety Disorder (DSM-5)	High level of anxiety about health with excessive health-related behaviors (e.g., repeatedly checking one's body for signs of illness) or maladaptive avoidance (e.g., avoiding doctors' appointments and hospitals), in the absence of somatic symptoms
Bodily Distress Disorder (ICD-11)	Distressing, persistent, and often multiple bodily symptoms and excessive attention directed toward the symptoms, which may be manifest by repeated contact with health care providers. Excessive attention is not alleviated by appropriate clinical examination and investigations and appropriate reassurance.
Illness Denial (DCPR-R)	Persistent denial of having a physical disorder and needing treatment (e.g., lack of compliance, delayed seeking of medical attention for serious and persistent symptoms, counterphobic behavior) as a reaction to the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, or medical treatment of a physical illness, despite the subject has been provided an adequate appraisal of the medical situation and management (if any) to be followed, with opportunity for discussion and clarification.
Cyberchondria	Unfounded escalation of concerns about common somatic symptoms based on repeated or compulsive online search.
Abnormal Illness Behavior	Abnormal ways whereby individuals respond to bodily indications, how they monitor internal states, define and interpret symptoms, make attributions, take remedial actions and utilize various sources of informal and formal care. It may be directed towards disease affirming (health anxiety, disease phobia) or disease denying (illness denial)
Disease conviction	A belief one has a serious illness from which one cannot be dissuaded by explanation of the unlikelihood of disease, lack of laboratory or physical examination findings consistent with disease, or negative testing.
Disease fear	The worry of developing serious illness, which leads to heightened distress when presented with any suggestion of the possibility of illness.
Bodily preoccupation	A heightened salience of physiologic functions, benign bodily sensations and sources of discomfort, and physical limitations.