Table 4.
Comparison of the groups’ CDI items
| CDI items | DG | CG | U | p-valuea | Cohen’s d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M ± SD | |||||
| 1. Frequent sadness | .06 ± .25 | .03 ± .18 | 450.50 | .577 | .14 |
| 2. Hopelessness | .71 ± .59 | .53 ± .51 | 397.00 | .260 | .33 |
| 3. Can’t do anything right/incompetent | .29 ± .53 | .00 | 345.00 | .003 | .77 |
| 4. Anhedonia | .55 ± .51 | .47 ± .51 | 427.00 | .527 | .16 |
| 5. See self as “bad” | .00 | .03 ± .18 | 449.50 | .309 | -.24 |
| 6. Worries that bad things are going to happen to self | .58 ± .56 | .63 ± .49 | 435.00 | .615 | -.10 |
| 7. Self-hatred | .16 ± .37 | .07 ± .25 | 421.00 | .250 | .29 |
| 8. Guilt | .32 ± .54 | .07 ± .25 | 360.00 | .023 | .59 |
| 9. Suicidal thoughts | .16 ± .37 | .00 | 390.00 | .023 | .61 |
| 10. Frequent crying | .00 | .03 ± .18 | 449.50 | .309 | -.24 |
| 11. Bothered by things | .45 ± .68 | .10 ± .31 | 342.00 | .015 | .66 |
| 12. Doesn’t want to be with people | .03 ± .18 | .07 ± .25 | 449.00 | .538 | -.18 |
| 13. Feels ugly | .45 ± .57 | .20 ± .41 | 360.00 | .060 | .50 |
| 14. Sleeping difficulties | .58 ± .76 | .20 ± .48 | 341.50 | .026 | .60 |
| 15. Fatigue | .42 ± .67 | .00 | 315.00 | .001 | .89 |
| 16. Loneliness | .19 ± .48 | .17 ± .38 | 465.00 | 1.000 | .05 |
| 17. Doesn’t have fun at school | .42 ± .50 | .10 ± .31 | 316.50 | .005 | .77 |
| 18. Feels inferior to other kids | .77 ± .56 | .33 ± .48 | 280.00 | .002 | .84 |
| 19. Feels unloved | .06 ± .25 | .10 ± .31 | 448.50 | .616 | -.14 |
| 20. Noncompliant | .26 ± .44 | .20 ± .41 | 438.00 | .593 | .14 |
Notes: aMann-Whitney test.
Abbreviations: M ± SD = Mean ± standard deviation.