Figure 5: Single-cell analysis of signaling molecules and cytokine production in different peripheral monocyte populations in response to different disease conditions.

a) Heat map representing the comparison of median raw CyTOF signal intensity for each signaling molecule between CNS-resident myeloid populations and peripheral monocyte populations in presymptomatic, onset and peak EAE when all five peripheral monocyte populations are present. The color representing the signaling molecule expression ranges from blue (undetectable) to white (intermediate) to red (maximum). Mass cytometry data are from five or six independent experiments (n= 5 independent experiments for healthy, end-stage HD, presymptomatic EAE, Chronic EAE; n=6 independent experiments for Onset EAE, Peak EAE). ND = not distinguishable. b) Single-cell analysis of cytokine production by different peripheral monocyte populations in response to different disease conditions. X-shift analysis of the co-expression of cytokines in peripheral monocyte populations suggests that each population contains heterogeneous subsets depending on each disease conditions. Percentages of single-cells expressing zero, one, two, three or four cytokines are represented in a stacked bar graph (n=3 independent experiments).