2. Primary outcome data.
| Comparison | Study ID | Treatment success end of study data IG/CG | Pain frequency end of study data IG/CG | Pain intenstiy end of study data IG/CG | Withdrawals due to adverse events IG/CG |
| Low FODMAP diet vs sham diet | Cox 2020 | NR | IBS‐SSS all participants mean(SD) IG= 36(26); CG= 38(25) IBS‐SSS CD mean (SD) IG = 36(138.4); CG=48(128.2) GSRS all participants mean(SD) IG= 1.5(1.6); CG= 1.1(1.5) |
IBS‐SSS all participants mean(SD) IG=22(15.6) ; CG=30(15) IBS‐SSS CD mean (SD) IG = 24(82.3); CG= 32(69.3) GSRS all participants mean(SD) IG=0.9(2.6) ; CG= 0.7(22.5) |
IG: 2 CG: 1 |
| Low FODMAP diet vs sham diet | Tapete 2018 | NR | NR | mean(SD): IG=3.3 (1.9) CG= 4.3(2.2) |
NR |
| Low FODMAP diet vs high FODMAP/normal diet | Tapete 2019 | NR | NR | mean(SD): IG=1.1(1.6) CG=3.1(2.3) (unclear if average of both cross‐over arms or from the first or second phase of the cross‐over) |
NR |
| Medicine‐separated moxibustion combined with acupuncture vs wheat bran‐separated moxibustion combined with shallow acupuncture | Bao 2016 | NR | mean (no SD provided) IG=0 CG=0 |
mean (no SD provided) IG=2 CG=1 |
IG=0 CG=0 |
| Mindfulness with CBT + standard medical therapy vs standard medical therapy | Berrill 2014 | NR | Frequency and intensity measured together as part of the IBS‐SSS score mean(SD) IG= 187 (97) CG= 224 (111) |
IG=0 CG=0 |
|
| Soft non‐manipulative osteopathic vs no intervention | Espi Lopez 2018 | NR | NR | mean(SD): IG=2.72(2.66) CG=2.71(2.43) |
IG=0 CG=0 |
| Stress management vs self‐directed stress management vs standard treatment | Garcia‐Vega 2004 | NR | NR | mean(SD): IG=13.3(28) CG=47.6(47) |
NR |
| Enteric‐release glyceryl trinitrate vs placebo | Hawkes 2001 | NR | NR | mean(no SD presented) IG=8.1 CG=8.6 |
IG=9 CG=3 |
| 100 mg olorinab 3 times/day vs 25 mg olorinab 3 times/day | Higgins 2019 | ≥ 30% reduction in weekly AAPS IG: 5 CG: 6 |
NR | 1.5 hours postdose mean(SD could not be calculated from figure) IG=1.9 CG= 1.9 Mean change in AAPS (no SD) IG= ‐4.6 CG= ‐4.6 |
IG=0 CG=0 |
| Relaxation training vs waitlist | Mizrahi 2012 | NR | NR | mean(SD): IG= 2.23(1.83) CG= 2.95(2.44) |
NR |
| Web‐based education vs standard book‐based education | Ozgursoy Uran 2019 | NR | NR | mean(SD): IG= 1.8(2.04) CG= 1.93(2.39) |
IG=0 CG=0 |
| Yoga intervention + standard medical therapy vs standard medical therapy | Sharma 2015 | NR | NR | NR | IG=0 CG=0 |
| Transcranial direct current stimulation vs sham stimulation | Volz 2016 | NR | NR | mean(SD): IG= 2.8(2.3) CG= 4.45(1.3) |
IG=0 CG=0 |
| Kefir diet (Lactobacillus bacteria) vs no intervention | Yilmaz 2019 | NR | NR | CD pain intensity mean(SD) IG= 0.2(0.63) CG= 1.3(0.67) IBD pain intensity mean(SD) IG= 0.9(0.97) CG= 0.28(0.61) |
IG=0 CG=0 |
AAPS: average abdominal pain score
CBT: cognitive behavioural therapy
CD: Crohn's disease
CG: control group
FODMAP: fermentable oligo‐, di‐, monosaccharides and polyols
IG: intervention group
GSRS: Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale
IBD: inflammatory bowel disease
IBS‐SSS: Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System
VAS: visual analogue scale