Fig. 10.

Ouabain-resistant senescent END-MSCs are able to restore disturbance of K⁺/Na⁺ homeostasis caused by ouabain via effective K⁺ import, while ouabain-sensitive senescent cells lack this ability. a Membrane potential determination of control and senescent END-MSCs and A549 cells before and 24 h after ouabain treatment, using fluorescent probe DiBAC4(3). b Mitochondrial membrane potential evaluation of control and senescent END-MSCs and A549 cells before and 24 h after ouabain treatment, using fluorescent probe JC-1. c Design of the comparative bioinformatic analysis of three independent RNA-Seq datasets. d Principal Component Analysis for the subset of genes related to the GO term “cellular senescence” (GO 0090398) based on the combined data from three independent RNA-Seq datasets. e GSEA results for the differentially expressed genes between the cells resistant to ouabain-mediated senolysis (END-MSCs) and ones sensitive to ouabain-mediated senolysis (A549 and IMR-90) for ‘Positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport’ and ‘Potassium ion import’ biological processes. f Heatmap reflecting the core enrichment genes for ‘Positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport’ and ‘Potassium ion import’ biological processes. Values are mean ± SD. Statistical significance was assessed by the Student's t test: ns not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001