Fig. 4.

Ouabain has no senolytic action towards AD-MSCs, DP-MSCs and WJ-MSCs. Validation of the three additional hMSCs senescence models, replicative for AD-MSCs and premature for DP-MSCs (doxorubicin induced) and WJ-MSCs (oxidative stress induced): a loss of proliferation ability and acquisition of elevated b cell size, c autofluorescence levels and e and f SA-β-Gal activity by senescent hMSCs as compared to the control cells. d Phosphorylation levels of p53 and Rb and expression levels of p21 and HMGB1 proteins in control and senescent hMSCs. g Relative cell viability (%) of control and senescent AD-MSCs, DP-MSCs and WJ-MSCs after treatment with 10^–7, 10^–6, 10^–5 M ouabain, respectively. Values are mean ± SD. For multiple groups comparisons at an one-way ANOVA was applied, n = 3, ns not significant, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. For pair comparisons at a, b, c, e and g Welch’s t test was used, n = 3 for a, b, c, g n = 50 for f, ns not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Scale bars for images are 500 μm. GAPDH was used as loading control