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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2021 Oct 30;125:107169. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107169

Table 2.

Differences in dwell time and fixation count according to warning type, Columbus, OH, 2019.a

Dwell time (milliseconds) Fixation Count



Mean (95% CI) p-value % difference (95% CI) p-value
Parody warningb Ref Ref
FDA-mandated warning (FDA warning + no facec) −254.3 (−461.9, −46.7) 0.016 −12.8 (−24.8, 1.2) 0.07
FDA-mandated warning (FDA warning + faced) −608.0 (−815.7, −400.4) <0.001 −30.1 (−40.2, −18.4) <0.001
a

Participants (N = 73) viewed each advertisement for a fixed time of 5 s. Advertisement order was randomized and counterbalanced.