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. 2021 Nov 29;11:23060. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-02428-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Maximum likelihood tree of the HIV-1 subtype C pol sequences (~ 1000 nucleotides) isolated in Brazil from treatment naïve individuals from 2008 to 2017 (n = 340) and closely related sequences from databases (total n = 1194). Multiple sequence alignments were performed using MAFFT v7.309 removing columns containing at least 10% gaps. Branch colors indicate the geographical origin of the sequences. Most subtype C sequences isolated from patients in Brazil are monophyletic (SH-like branch support 0.94) suggesting one single major founder event. Gray boxes indicate the positions of strongly supported clades (SH-aLRT ≥ 0.95). The branch lengths are drawn to scale with the bar at the bottom indicating nucleotide substitutions per site. Tree was rooted using HIV-1 subtype A1 reference sequences (black branches).