Table 1.
Characterization of the 35 transmission clusters of HIV-1 subtype C virus identified in this study.
| Cluster | Number of individuals | Place of sampling (n) | Sampling date range | Time of MRCA (95% HPD, years) | Cluster depth (years) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | Other | Missing | |||||||||||||
| Total | Male | Female | N/A | N | S | NE | SE | CW | |||||||
| TC5 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | International | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 3a | 0 | 2009.0–2017.2 | 1992.7 (1984.8–1999.6) | 24.5 |
| TC16 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2c | 0 | 2008.0–2017.1 | 1996.3 (1990.6–2001.4) | 20.8 | |
| TC19 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6b | 0 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| TC17 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1d | 0 | 2007.0–2017.2 | 1998.5 (1993.1–2003.3) | 18.7 | |
| TC24 | 24 | 16 | 4 | 4 | Interregional | 3 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2010.0–2017.2 | 1992.9 (1985.7–1999.7) | 24.3 |
| TC26 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2006.0–2017.0 | 1995.9 (1989.4–2001.8) | 21.1 | |
| TC9 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2010.0–2017.0 | 1997.1 (1991.4–2002.4) | 19.9 | |
| TC29 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2008.0–2014.8 | 1999.7 (1994.7–2004.1) | 15.1 | |
| TC34 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2013.0–2016.8 | 2003.2 (1997.7–2008.5) | 13.6 | |
| TC31 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2016.7–2016.8 | 2000.9 (1994.9–2006.7) | 15.9 | |
| TC27 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2016.1–2016.2 | 2008.5 (2002.2–2013.5) | 7.7 | |
| TC32 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2016.2–2016.8 | 2002.5 (1997–2008.3) | 14.3 | |
| TC35 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2006.0–2016.7 | 1999.5 (1995.3–2003.6) | 17.2 | |
| TC2 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 4 | Regional | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2004.0–2016.8 | 1992.2 (1982.3–2000.6) | 24.6 |
| TC6 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2012.0–2015.5 | 1996.3 (1990.1–2002) | 19.2 | |
| TC12 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2009.8–2015.0 | 2006.9 (2003.1–2009.8) | 8.1 | |
| TC22 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2008.8–2015.9 | 1995.5 (1988.6–2001.7) | 20.4 | |
| TC28 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2013.2–2017.2 | 2004.9 (1999.8–2009.7) | 12.3 | |
| TC7 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2013.3–2017.1 | 2000.9 (1995.3–2006.1) | 16.2 | |
| TC1 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2008.0–2016.9 | 2000.2 (1995.3–2004.8) | 16.7 | |
| TC13 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2012.6–2014.5 | 1999.8 (1993.9–2005.3) | 14.7 | |
| TC14 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2011.3–2015.5 | 1999.8 (1993.7–2005.2) | 15.7 | |
| TC11 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2015.9–2017.3 | 1999.2 (1993.2–2005.2) | 18.1 | |
| TC30 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2008.0–2014.4 | 1999.3 (1994.3–2003.8) | 15.1 | |
| TC20 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2008.4–2015.3 | 1998.1 (1992.3–2003.5) | 17.2 | |
| TC21 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2012.2–2013.2 | 2000.9 (1995.1–2006.5) | 12.3 | |
| TC33 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2014.4–2015.6 | 2001.3 (1995.6–2007.1) | 14.3 | |
| TC4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2013.8–2016.7 | 2009.5 (2004.8–2013.2) | 7.2 | |
| TC15 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2008.0–2012.2 | 1998.8 (1993.4–2004.1) | 13.4 | |
| TC18 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2011.9–2014.2 | 2009.1 (2005.4–2011.8) | 5.1 | |
| TC10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2010.4–2014.1 | 2006.7 (2002.6–2010) | 7.4 | |
| TC8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2015.8–2017.2 | 1998.8 (1992–2005.5) | 18.4 | |
| TC23 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2013.4–2014.8 | 2001.3 (1995.7–2006.5) | 13.5 | |
| TC3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2007.0 | 2002.1 (1998.4–2005.4) | 4.9 | |
| TC25 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2010.0–2010.4 | 1998.8 (1992.4–2004) | 11.6 | |
aUSA (1), Spain (1), Portugal (1).
bUK (6).
cGermany (1), Spain (1).
dGermany (1).