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. 2021 Nov 29;12:6951. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27289-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — Retinol is an inconsistent mediator (i.e., it suppresses or inhibits the causal effect; left side) whereas GHR is a consistent mediator of HbA1c change at 1 year (right side). a X-axis represents log₂ abundance change from baseline to the 3 month time point, and Y-axis represents HbA1c change from baseline at 1 year. b Shows putatively causal links with arrows based on (A) and direction of change with triangles pointed up (increase) or down (decrease). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.