Table 3.
Changes in HRV parameters in the four study groups before and after 12 weeks of exercise
| Variable | Mean (SD) Value | Change | Change Percent | Difference in Change from Baseline to 3 Months (95% CI) |
P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 12 weeks | |||||
| SDNN, mSec, [n]† | ||||||
| AT | 31.70 ± 9.80 [10] | 43.70 ± 10.77 [10] | 12.00 ± 7.53 | 37.86 | 6.61 to 17.38 | 0.001** |
| RT | 33.00 ± 13.33 [11] | 44.64 ± 15.68 [11] | 11.64 ± 7.80 | 35.27 | 6.40 to 16.88 | 0.001** |
| CT | 38.00 ± 17.71 [11] | 47.82 ± 19.05 [11] | 9.82 ± 7.96 | 25.84 | 4.47 to 15.16 | 0.002** |
| C | 29.92 ± 15.38 [12] | 29.58 ± 13.62 [12] | 0.33 ± 6.41 | -1.10 | -4.41 to 3.74 | 0.860 |
| rMSSD, mSec | ||||||
| AT | 14.50 ± 4.97 [10] | 24.10 ± 7.03 [10] | 9.60 ± 4.88 | 66.21 | 6.11 to 13.09 | 0.000** |
| RT | 13.73 ± 5.83 [11] | 25.73 ± 12.12 [11] | 12.00 ± 11.85 | 87.40 | 4.04 to 19.96 | 0.007** |
| CT | 20.73 ± 17.40 [11] | 30.09 ± 19.50 [11] | 9.36 ± 7.00 | 45.15 | 4.66 to 14.07 | 0.001** |
| C | 16.00 ± 5.03 [12] | 16.17 ± 6.13 [12] | 0.17 ± 6.71 | 1.06 | -4.10 to 4.43 | 0.933 |
| LF Power, ms2 | ||||||
| AT | 257.48 ± 146.19 [10] | 319.83 ± 364.80 [10] | 62.35 ± 337.40 | 24.22 | -179.01 to 303.72 | 0.573 |
| RT | 184.39 ± 104.12 [10] | 289.74 ± 177.66 [10] | 105.35 ± 148.98 | 57.13 | -1.22 to 211.92 | 0.052 |
| CT | 268.18 ± 140.29 [11] | 328.27 ± 201.43 [11] | 60.09 ± 173.07 | 22.41 | -56.18 to 176.36 | 0.276 |
| C | 180.73 ± 159.51 [11] | 272.50 ± 392.22 [11] | 91.77 ± 304.23 | 50.22 | -112.61 to 296.16 | 0.341 |
| HF Power, ms2 | ||||||
| AT | 76.41 ± 25.32 [11] | 295.98 ± 69.00 [11] | 219.57 ± 60.40 | 287.36 | 178.99 to 260.15 | 0.000** |
| RT | 39.46 ± 26.99 [10] | 271.45 ± 59.50 [10] | 231.99 ± 38.39 | 587.91 | 204.53 to 259.45 | 0.000** |
| CT | 47.26 ± 32.07 [10] | 243.80 ± 67.63 [10] | 196.54 ± 38.27 | 415.87 | 169.16 to 223.91 | 0.000** |
| C | 46.46 ± 34.59 [11] | 43.86 ± 36.89 [11] | -2.60 ± 14.23 | -5.66 | -12.16 to 6.96 | 0.558 |
| LF/HF Ratio | ||||||
| AT | 3.31 ± 1.82 [10] | 1.21 ± 1.59 [10] | -2.10 ± 1.84 | -63.44 | -3.42 to -0.78 | 0.006** |
| RT | 6.09 ± 5.25 [9] | 1.01 ± 0.55 [9] | -5.09 ± 5.08 | -83.42 | -8.99 to -1.18 | 0.017* |
| CT | 7.90 ± 6.14 [10] | 1.31 ± 0.90 [10] | -6.60 ± 5.58 | -83.42 | -10.58 to -2.61 | 0.005** |
| C | 5.29 ± 4.86 [10] | 5.72 ± 5.82 [10] | 0.43 ± 4.96 | 8.13 | -3.11 to 3.98 | 0.788 |
† Values in brackets are the numbers of patients with complete data
** The p < 0.01 was considered statistically significant
* The p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant
SDNN the standard deviation of all normal RR intervals, rMSSD the root means square of successive differences in normal RR intervals, HF high-frequency power, LF low-frequency power, LF: HF Ratio the ratio of low frequency to high-frequency power, AT Aerobic-training group, RT Resistant-training group, CT Combined-training group, C control group