Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of study participants stratified by gender and by NAFLD status
| NAFLD | Non NAFLD | P | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male n = 112 (37%) |
Female n = 205 (35.8%) |
p | Total n = 317 (36.3%) |
Male n = 190 (62.9%) |
Female n = 367 (64.1%) |
p | Total n = 557 (63.7%) |
0.7 | |
| Type 2 Diabetes (%) | 33 (29.5) | 38 (18.5) | 0.01 | 71 (22.4) | 29 (15.3) | 30 (8.2) | 0.026 | 59 (10.6) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 68 (60.7) | 111 (54.1) | 0.26 | 179 (56.5) | 69 (36.3) | 105 (28.6) | 0.06 | 174 (31.2) | <0.0001 |
| Hypothyroidism (%) | 00 | 17 (8.3) | 0.001 | 17 (5.4) | 00 | 17 (4.6) | 0.001 | 17 (3.1) | 0.08 |
| HCVD (%) | 13 (11.6) | 12 (5.9) | 0.11 | 25 (7.9) | 26 (13.7) | 13 (3.5) | <0.0001 | 39 (7) | 0.6 |
| MS (%) | 87 (77.7) | 153 (74.6) | 0.5 | 240 (75.7) | 43 (22.6) | 124 (33.8) | 0.006 | 167 (30) | <0.0001 |
| Abdominal obesity (%) | 84 (57) | 200 (97.6) | <0.0001 | 284 (89.5) | 23 (12.1) | 233 (63.5) | <0.0001 | 256 (46) | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity (%) | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| <30mn (%) | 44 (39.3) | 129 (62.9) | <0.0001 | 173 (54.6) | 52 (27.4) | 193 (52.6) | <0.0001 | 245 (44) | |
| 30-60mn (%) | 40 (35.7) | 42 9 (23.9) | 89 (28.1) | 60 (31.6) | 104 (28.3) | 164 (29.4) | |||
| >60mn (%) | 28 (25) | 27 (13.2) | 55 (17.4) | 78 (41.1) | 70 (19.1) | 148 (26.6) | |||
| BMI (%) | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 6 (5.4) | 5 (2.4) | <0.0001 | 11 (3.5) | 103 (54.2) | 196 (53.4) | 0.4 | 299 (53.7) | |
| 25-30 kg/m2 | 56 (50) | 62 (30.2) | 118 (37.2) | 78 (41.1) | 143 (39) | 221 (39.7) | |||
| >30 kg/m2 | 50 (44.6) | 138 (67.3) | 188 (59.3) | 9 (4.7) | 28 (7.6) | 37 (6.8) | |||
| 25(OH)D (%) | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| >20 μg/l | 26 (23.2) | 16 (7.8) | <0.0001 | 42 (13.2) | 78 (41.1) | 70 (19.1) | <0.0001 | 148 (26.6) | |
| 10-20 μg/l | 41 (36.6) | 45 (22) | 86 (27.1) | 70 (36.8) | 75 (20.4) | 145 (26) | |||
| <10 μg/l | 45 (40.2) | 144 (70.2) | 189 (59.6) | 42 (22.1) | 222 (60.5) | 264 (47.4) | |||
25(OH)D 25-hydroxy vitamin, BMI body mass index, HCVD history of cardiovascular disease, MS metabolic syndrome, NAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. p: Pearson’s χ2 test. Bold values indicate significant differences (p < 0.05)