Extraction Elements for ED Buprenorphine Initiation Protocol Survey
Identification of treatment‐eligible patients	Inclusion criteria that must be met before ED BUP administration: OUD determination, active withdrawal, and time since last opioid use Minimum COWS value before ED BUP initiation Absolute contraindications to ED BUP Other required evaluations (pregnancy determination, other labs) Screening guidelines for patient identification f) Involvement of ancillary staff, such as social work, care managers, and peer counselors, for patient identification and/or care coordination
Buprenorphine administration	BUP dosing Time frame between BUP dose 1 and 2 for signs and symptoms of worsening withdrawal Maximum total BUP dose either explicitly written or calculated by observers based on the site's dosage escalation protocol Presence and details of precipitated withdrawal guidelines e) Use of ancillary medications
Discharge care	The presence of a policy in place for low COWS score Provision of home induction instructions BUP prescription at discharge Naloxone provision and/or prescription e) Harm reduction education including overdose instructions or other support pamphlets