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. 2021 Nov 29;182(1):1–9. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.6844

Table 3. Device Complications (per 1000 Catheter Days) Stratified by Device Indication.

Outcome No./d (rate per 1000 catheter days)
Total Midline PICC
Short-term IV antibiotic therapy
No. 6148 2046 4102
Any major complication 433/84 342 (5.1) 71/19 077 (3.7) 362/65 265 (5.6)
Primary BSI 77/84 342 (0.9) 5/19 077 (0.3) 72/65 265 (1.1)
Catheter occlusion 281/84 342 (3.3) 45/19 077 (2.4) 236/65 265 (3.6)
DVT 81/84 342 (1.0) 20/19 077 (1.1) 61/65 265 (0.9)
Pulmonary embolism 12/84 342 (0.1) 3/19 077 (0.2) 9/65 265 (0.1)
Difficult IV access
No. 6001 3694 2307
Any major complication 426/67 487 (6.3) 146/31 644 (4.6) 280/35 843 (7.8)
Primary BSI 42/67 487 (0.6) 15/31 644 (0.5) 27/35 843 (0.8)
Catheter occlusion 291/67 487 (4.3) 69/31 644 (2.2) 222/35 843 (6.2)
DVT 99/67 487 (1.5) 60/31 644 (1.9) 39/35 843 (1.1)
Pulmonary embolism 13/67 487 (0.2) 7/31 644 (0.2) 6/35 843 (0.2)

Abbreviations: BSI, bloodstream infection; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; IV, intravenous; PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter.