Table 4.
Chronology of the main initiatives available in the medical literature for the standardization of circulating T cell numbers and CD4/CD8 subsets, as rated according to the sample number, ethnicity and age range of recruited patients.
| Authors | Year of publication | Sample (n) | Cell population | Ethnicity | Age (y/o) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denny et al. | 1992 | 208 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | American | 1-5 | (161) |
| Kotylo et al. | 1993 | 130 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | American | 0-17 | (82) |
| Howard et al. | 1996 | 215 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | American | 18-67 | (162) |
| Comans-Bitter et al. | 1997 | 429 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Deutch | 0-16 | (88) |
| Lisse et al. | 1997 | 803 | CD4/CD8 | Bissau-Guinean | 0-6 | (163) |
| Shahabuddin et al. | 1998 | 132 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Saudi Arabian | 0-13; 18-44 | (90) |
| Tsegaye et al. | 1999 | 485 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Ethiopian | 15-45 | (164) |
| Al Qouzi et al. | 2002 | 209 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Saudi Arabian (male) | 18-44 | (92) |
| Swaminathan et al. | 2003 | 138 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Indian | 3-15 | (94) |
| Shearer et al. | 2003 | 807 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | American | 0-18 | (95) |
| Uppal et al. | 2003 | 94 | CD4/CD8 | Indian | 18-74 | (165) |
| Chng et al. | 2004 | 232 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Singaporean (Chinese, Malay, Indian, Caucasian and Eurasian) | 16-65 | (98) |
| Bisset et al. | 2004 | 70 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Swiss | Adults* | (99) |
| Lugada et al. | 2004 | 3311 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Ugandan | 0-92 | (166) |
| Bussmann et al. | 2004 | 437 | CD4/CD8 | Botswanan | 19-36 | (167) |
| Jiang et al. | 2004 | 614 | CD4/CD8 | Chinese | 16-50 | (168) |
| Amatya et al. | 2004 | 200 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Indian | 18-55 | (169) |
| Gomo et al. | 2004 | 1113 | CD4/CD8 | Zimbabweans (pregnant) | Adults* | (170) |
| Yaman et al. | 2005 | 220 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Turkish | 18-80 | (100) |
| Jentsch-Ullrich et al. | 2005 | 100 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | German | 19-85 | (101) |
| Aina et al. | 2005 | 864 | CD4 | Nigerian | 10-69 | (171) |
| Ampofo et al. | 2006 | 249 | CD4/CD8 | Ghanaian | 18-83 | (172) |
| Klose et al. | 2007 | 186 | CD4/CD8 | Burkinabe | 18-78 | (173) |
| Al-Jabri et al. | 2008 | 118 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Omani | 18-57 | (104) |
| Das et al. | 2008 | 252 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Indian | Adults* | (174) |
| Ngowi et al. | 2009 | 102 | CD4/CD8 | Tanzanian | Adults* | (175) |
| Murugavel et al. | 2009 | 213 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Indian | Adults* | (176) |
| Chama et al. | 2009 | 541 | CD4 | Nigerian | Adults* | (177) |
| Oladepo et al. | 2009 | 2570 | CD4/CD8 | Nigerian | 18- >60* | (178) |
| Lawrie et al. | 2009 | 678 | CD4 | South African | * | (179) |
| Buchanan et al. | 2010 | 655 | CD4/CD8 | Tanzanian | 0-18 | (180) |
| Shoormasti et al. | 2011 | 233 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Iranian | 20-45 | (106) |
| Sagnia et al. | 2011 | 352 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Cameroonian | 0-6 | (181) |
| Thakar et al. | 2011 | 1206 | CD3/CD4 | Indian | 17-72 | (182) |
| Pennap et al. | 2011 | 444 | CD4 | Nigerian | 15-44 | (183) |
| Adoga et al. | 2012 | 1123 | CD3/CD4 | Nigerian | 0-50 | (184) |
| Shakya et al. | 2012 | 602 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Nepalese | 18-60 | (185) |
| García-Dabrio et al. | 2012 | 319 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Spanish | 4-88 | (186) |
| Touil et al. | 2012 | 242 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Moroccan | 19-49 | (187) |
| Wong et al. | 2013 | 273 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Hong Kong Chinese | 17-59 | (107) |
| Al-Mawali et al. | 2013 | 50 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Omani | 18-57 | (108) |
| Moreno-Galván et al. | 2013 | 400 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Mexican | 20-40 | (188) |
| Torres et al. | 2013 | 925 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Brazilian | 2-6; 19-56 | (189) |
| Kamallou et al. | 2014 | 221 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Iranian | 20-40 | (109) |
| Valiathan et al. | 2014 | 150 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | American | 12-18; 21-67 | (111) |
| Atanasova et al. | 2014 | 72 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Bulgarian | Newborns | (190) |
| Tembe et al. | 2014 | 257 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Mozambican | 18-24 | (191) |
| Jia et al. | 2015 | 1027 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Han Chinese | 0-7 | (114) |
| Al-Thani et al. | 2015 | 150 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Qatari | 18-55 | (113) |
| Prasetyo et al. | 2015 | 241 | CD4 | Javanese | 18-65 | (192) |
| Shahal-Zimra et al. | 2016 | 326 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Israeli | 17-94 | (115) |
| Qin et al. | 2016 | 1068 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Chinese | 18-80 | (116) |
| Zhang et al. | 2016 | 268 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Chinese | 21-60 | (193) |
| Afolabi et al. | 2017 | 1205 | CD4 | Nigerian | 0-65 | (194) |
| Mulu et al. | 2017 | 481 | CD4 | Ethiopian | 18-65 | (195) |
| Yeshanew et al. | 2017 | 400 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Ethiopian (pregnant) | 18-40 | (196) |
| Genetu et al. | 2017 | 200 | CD4 | Ethiopian (pregnant) | 18-42 | (197) |
| Enawgaw et al. | 2018 | 967 | CD4 | Ethiopian | 18-61 | (198) |
| Karn et al. | 2018 | 207 | CD3/CD4 | Nepalese | 0-14 | (199) |
| Kokuina et al. | 2019 | 129 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Cuban | 18-80 | (118) |
| Louati et al. | 2019 | 143 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Tunisian | 18- >45* | (200) |
| Mishra et al. | 2020 | 400 | CD3/CD4 | Nepalese | 15-60 | (201) |
| Niu et al. | 2020 | 150 | CD4 | Han Chinese | 20-70 | (202) |
| Scheffer-Mendoza et al. | 2020 | 50 | CD3/CD4/CD8 | Mexican | Newborns | (203) |
*Exact data not available.