. 2021 Sep 30;10(11):R293–R304. doi: 10.1530/EC-21-0294

Table 3.

Results of meta-regression and subgroup analysis concerning the frequency of pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma (PPGL) among patients with von Hippel–Lindau disease (vHL) type 2A.

	Meta-regression				Subgroup analysis
	N studies	N vHL	OR (95% CI)	P value	Frequency (%, 95% CI)	Q Cochran p value	I²
Publication year	28	411	0.98 (0.93–1.03)	0.384	–^a	–^a	–^a
Sample size	28	411	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.573	–^a	–^a	–^a
Region	28	411	–	0.306^b	–^a	–^a	–^a
Europe	11	255	–^c	–^c	59.6 (48.9–69.5)	<0.165	35.4%
Asia and Pacific	11	69	0.60 (0.25–1.41)	0.239	48.8 (32.3–65.5)	0.135	32.2%
America	6	87	1.29 (0.48–3.44)	0.617	73.4 (37.2–92.8)	0.009	80.1%
Sampling method	28	411	–	0.118^b
Consecutive	3	24	–^c	–^c	55.8 (24.3–83.2)	0.142	50.3%
Convenience	21	370	0.99 (0.32–3.01)	0.981	56.1 (47.4–64.5)	0.012	33.9%
Not specified	4	17	5.39 (0.81–35.76)	0.081	87.6 (61.0– 97.0)	0.767	0%
Diagnosis	28	411	–	0.427^b
Included genetic testing/not specified	27	409	–^c	–^c	57.9 (49.3–66.0)	0.008	36.9%
Clinical criteria only	1	2	2.69 (0.38–19.08)	0.427	83.3 (19.4–99.0)	<0.001	0%

^aNot performed, as this is a continuous variable; ^bOmnibus P value for this variable; ^cReference category.