Table 3:
Placental characteristics and pathology at delivery among women initiating ART before or during pregnancy.
| Total N=130 | 1ART Initiation before pregnancy N=53 | ART Initiation during pregnancy N=77 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placental weight (g), median (IQR) | 412 (346 - 480) | 392 (346 - 440) | 422 (344 - 490) | 0.09 |
|
| ||||
| Placental weight (g) | 1.0 | |||
| Small (<10th percentile) | 43 (33.1) | 17 (32.1) | 26 (33.8) | |
| Appropriate (10 - 90th percentile) | 85 (65.4) | 35 (66.0) | 50 (64.9) | |
| Large (>90th percentile) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | |
| Missing | 1 (0.8) | 1(1.9) | 0(0) | |
|
| ||||
| Fetal-Placenta weight ratio | 0.9 | |||
| Small (<10th percentile) | 3 (2.3) | 1 (1.9) | 2 (2.6) | |
| Appropriate (10 - 90th percentile) | 81 (62.3) | 32 (60.4) | 49 (63.6) | |
| Large (>90th percentile) | 45 (34.6) | 19 (35.8) | 26 (33.8) | |
| Missing | 1 (0.8) | 1(1.9) | 0(0) | |
|
| ||||
| Placenta greatest diameter (mm), median (IQR) | 170 (160 - 180) | 175(161 - 189) | 170 (160 - 180) | 0.1 |
|
| ||||
| Placenta thickness (mm), median (IQR) |
17.5 (10 - 25) | 15 (10 - 22) | 20 (10 - 25) | 0.4 |
|
| ||||
| Cord insertion | 0.1 | |||
| Central | 20 (15.4) | 6 (11.3) | 14 (18.2) | |
| Off centre | 88 (67.7) | 34 (64.1) | 54 (70.1) | |
| Marginal | 16 (12.3) | 10 (18.9) | 6(7.8) | |
| Missing | 6 (4.6) | 3(5.7) | 3(3.9) | |
|
| ||||
| Meconium exposure | 0.9 | |||
| + | 25 (19.2) | 10 (18.9) | 15 (19.5) | |
| − | 105 (80.8) | 43 (81.1) | 62 (80.5) | |
|
| ||||
| Chorioamnionitis | ||||
| Maternal Inflammatory Response | 0.8 | |||
| + | 19 (14.6) | 7 (13.2) | 12 (15.6) | |
| − | 111 (85.4) | 46 (86.3) | 65 (84.4) | |
| Fetal Inflammatory Response | 0.1 | |||
| + | 20 (15.4) | 5 (9.4) | 15 (19.5) | |
| − | 110 (84.6) | 48 (90.6) | 62 (80.5) | |
|
| ||||
| Chronic Deciduitis | 0.8 | |||
| + | 14 (10.8) | 5 (9.4) | 9 (11.7) | |
| − | 116 (89.2) | 48 (90.6) | 68 (88.3) | |
|
| ||||
| Maternal Vascular Malperfusion (MVM) | 0.01 | |||
| + | 36 (27.7) | 21 (39.6) | 15 (19.5) | |
| − | 94 (72.3) | 32 (60.4) | 62 (80.5) | |
1
Differences between the two groups were assessed using a two-sample t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test depending on the distribution for numerical data and the chi2 test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical data.