Table 3.

Potential pathways for Oligonychus mangiferus into the EU 27

Pathways	Life stage	Relevant mitigations [e.g. prohibitions (Annex VI), special requirements (Annex VII) or phytosanitary certificates (Annex XI) within Implementing Regulation 2019/2072]
Plants for planting	Any stage (egg, larva, nymph, chrysalis and adult)	Annex VI (1., 8., 9., 10.) prohibits the introduction of plants of Cydonia, Malus, Pinus, Prunus, Pyrus, Rosa and Vitis from countries where O. mangiferus is known to occur. However, plants of Cydonia Mill., (…) Prunus L. and Pyrus L. and their hybrids (…) can be imported from Hawaii (Annex VI 9.) and current prohibitions for Phoenix sp. Annex VI, 13. do not include any country where O. mangiferus is known to occur.
Fruits	Motile stages (larva, nymph, and adult)	A phytosanitary certificate is required to import fresh fruits into the EU (2019/2072, Annex XI, Part A) unless exempt by being listed in 2019/2072 Annex XI, Part C. Musa L. fruits, which are O. mangiferus hosts are listed in Annex XI, Part C; hence, their introduction does not require a phytosanitary certificate. No specific requirements are set for other fruits known to be hosts of O. mangiferus. As a proportion of imported consignments but not all are liable to be physically inspected, this requirement does not preclude the entry of O. mangiferus on fruit.
Flowers	Motile stages (larva, nymph and adult)	A phytosanitary certificate is required to import cut flowers into the EU (2019/2072, Annex XI, Part B). However, no specific requirements are set for O. mangiferus. As a proportion of imported consignments but not all are liable to be physically inspected, this requirement does not preclude the entry of O. mangiferus on fruit.