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. 2021 Nov 10;12:750969. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.750969

Figure 1.

Figure 1

SARS-CoV-2 Nsp5 induced pro-inflammatory factors in Calu-3 and THP-1/PMA cells. Plasmid of empty vector or Flag-Nsp5 was transfected into Calu-3 (A, B) and THP-1/PMA cells (C–E). At 24 h post transfection, the cells were harvested and the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-2 were determined by qRT-PCR analysis. The Flag-Nsp5 expression levels were detected by western blot. The secretion levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the culture supernatant were determined with ELISA analysis. (F, G) Vector or Flag-Nsp5 was transfected into the hPBMC. At 48 h post transfection, the cells were harvested and the mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were determined by qRT-PCR analysis. The secretion levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the culture supernatant were determined with ELISA analysis. (H) The expression of Flag-Nsp5 was determined by PCR. The data were presented as Mean ± SEM for three biological replicates, and statistical significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, NS, not significant.