Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of controls and chronic inflammatory disease groups in the nested cohort.
| Chronic inflammatory disease groups | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None | HIV | Psoriasis | RA | SSc | SLE | IBD | Multiple CIDs | p-value | |
| (n = 10,289) | (n = 1,864) | (n = 1,759) | (n = 995) | (n = 153) | (n = 371) | (n = 1,290) | (n = 328) | ||
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 50.6 ± 15.6 | 43.7 ± 10.7 | 51.5 ± 15.2 | 57.0 ± 13.8 | 55.2 ± 14.2 | 43.7 ± 13.7 | 47.9 ± 15.9 | 49.9 ± 13.2 | <0.01 |
| Males (%) | 44.4 | 87.4 | 50.0 | 18.1 | 16.3 | 13.7 | 44.3 | 34.0 | <0.01 |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | <0.01 | ||||||||
| White | 63.4 | 47.8 | 74.8 | 53.0 | 64.7 | 33.4 | 77.9 | 63.6 | |
| Black | 13.9 | 29.2 | 4.6 | 23.0 | 15.0 | 38.5 | 9.1 | 16.7 | |
| Hispanic | 6.6 | 9.3 | 5.7 | 10.2 | 11.8 | 15.1 | 3.7 | 7.4 | |
| Asian | 4.5 | 1.9 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 | |
| Other | 11.6 | 11.8 | 10.4 | 9.3 | 5.2 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 11.1 | |
| Insurance (%) | <0.01 | ||||||||
| Medicaid | 4.5 | 6.8 | 1.9 | 4.3 | 3.3 | 7.8 | 1.9 | 4.3 | |
| Medicare | 26.3 | 13.6 | 24.2 | 36.7 | 34.6 | 25.1 | 22.2 | 35.2 | |
| Private | 51.4 | 39.1 | 58.3 | 45.5 | 38.6 | 49.9 | 59.4 | 46.9 | |
| Self-pay | 17.8 | 40.5 | 15.6 | 13.5 | 23.5 | 17.3 | 16.5 | 13.6 | |
| BMI, kg/m3 (mean ± SD) | 28.0 ± 6.5 | 26.5 ± 5.6 | 29.1 ± 7.0 | 28.9 ± 7.4 | 26.2 ± 7.0 | 28.9 ± 7.6 | 27.0 ± 6.2 | 28.2 ± 7.2 | <0.01 |
| HTN (%) | 21.6 | 9.4 | 25.8 | 31.8 | 30.7 | 34.2 | 17.0 | 20.4 | <0.01 |
| DM (%) | 8.6 | 4.5 | 10.4 | 14.9 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 8.9 | 11.1 | <0.01 |
| Smoker (%) | 30.1 | 48.3 | 35.1 | 38.7 | 31.4 | 28.8 | 30.1 | 37.0 | <0.01 |
| TC, mg/dL (mean ± SD) | 188.5 ± 39.5 | 173.6 ± 42.1 | 187.2 ± 38.9 | 183.9 ± 39.2 | 174.8 ± 42.3 | 173.0 ± 43.2 | 178.0 ± 42.9 | 185.6 ± 38.4 | <0.01 |
| Statin use (%) | 23.8 | 14.2 | 29.9 | 36.2 | 35.3 | 30.2 | 20.5 | 27.8 | <0.01 |
| Steroid use (%) | 15.6 | 15.7 | 21.4 | 52.9 | 36.6 | 62.0 | 30.7 | 38.3 | <0.01 |
CID, chronic inflammatory disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SSc, systemic sclerosis; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body-mass index; HTN, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; TC, total cholesterol.