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. 2021 Nov 10;12:737065. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.737065

Figure 5.

Figure 5

DMF prevented the translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus and altered miR-155 and miR-146a expression. N9 microglia were pretreated with DMF (10 µM) for 1hour, primed with UP-LPS (1000 ng/ml) for 1hour. DMF modulated NF-κB activity by inhibiting the translocation of p-p65, p65, and p50 subunits of NF-κB protein complex into the nucleus (A). The expression level of IκB-α (B), translocation of p-p65 (C), p65 (D), and p50 (E) subunits of NF-κB were demonstrated with Western blot. Translocation of p65 (F) and p50 (G) subunits of NF-κB was demonstrated by IF staining (Red staining – NF-κB subunits, Blue staining – Hoechst). DMF also downregulated the expression of miR-155 and miR-146a. Expression levels of (H) miR-155 and (I) miR-146 in LPS+ATP treated N9 microglia and LPS challenged mice were measured with RT-qPCR. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M, n = 5. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 compared to control and #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p<0,001 compared to LPS-primed cells.