Table 1.
The role of miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA in DR and their mechanisms through vascular endothelial cell and targets.
| ncRNA | Name | Dysregulation | Possible signaling pathways | Pathogenic functions | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| circRNA | circ_001209 | upregulated | miR-15b-5p/COL12A1 | promote invasion, migration and angiogenesis of HRVECs | (52) |
| circHIPK3 | upregulated | MiR-30a-3p | promote cell viability, proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HRMECs | (53) | |
| circCOL1A2 | upregulated | miR-29b/VEGF | promote proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and vascular permeability of HRMECs | (54) | |
| hsa_circ_0002570 | upregulated | miR-1243/angiomotin | promote invasion, migration and angiogenesis of HRMECs | (55) | |
| circ001897 | upregulated | miR-30-3p | promote proliferation and migration of HRVECs | (56) | |
| lncRNA | MALAT1 | upregulated | miR-203a-3p, GRP78, miR‐200b‐3p/VEGFA | promote migration and angiogenesis of HRMECs | (61–64) |
| linc00174 | upregulated | miR-150-5p/VEGFA | promote proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HRMECs | (65) | |
| SNHG16 | upregulated | miR-146a-5p/IRAK1, miR-7-5p/IRS1, NF-kB, PI3K/AKT | promote the angiogenesis of HRMECs | (66, 67) | |
| TPTEP1 | downregulated | STAT3/VEGFA | inhibit viability, migration, and angiogenesis of HRVECs | (68) | |
| MEG3 | downregulated | miR-19b/SOCS6, JAK2/STAT3 | inhibit apoptosis and inflammation of HRMECs | (69) | |
| miRNA | miR-29b-3p | upregulated | SIRT1, PDGFB, VEGFA | promote apoptosis of HRMECs | (33, 34) |
| miR-20a | downregulated | YAP/HIF1α/VEGFA | promote proliferation and angiogenesis of RMECs | (35) | |
| miR-199a-3p | downregulated | VEGF/PI3K/AKT | inhibit migration and angiogenesis of HRMECs | (36) | |
| miR-203a‐3p | downregulated | VEGFA and HIF‐1α | inhibit proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HRMECs | (37) | |
| miR-15b | downregulated | VEGFA | inhibited proliferation of HRMECs | (38) | |
| miR-9 | downregulated | VEGFA | inhibit proliferation and angiogenesis of RMECs | (39) | |
| miR-152 | downregulated | Lin28b/VEGF | inhibit angiogenesis of HRMECs | (40) | |
| miR-183 | upregulated | BTG1, PI3K/Akt/VEGF | inhibit proliferation and angiogenesis of RMECs | (49) | |
| miR-200a | downregulated | PDLIM1 | inhibit viability, apoptosis and migration of HRMECs | (41) | |
| miR-148a-3p | downregulated | TGFβ2 and FGF2 | inhibit apoptosis and angiogenesis of HRMECs | (42) | |
| miR-29a | upregulated | Col IV | promote proliferation and angiogenesis of HRMECs | (44) | |
| miR-29a/b | downregulated | Notch2 | inhibit endothelial-mesenchymal transition of HRMECs | (45) | |
| miR-590-3p | downregulated | NLR,NOX4/ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 | inhibit pyroptosis of HRMECs | (46) | |
| miR-138-5p | downregulated | NOVA1 | inhibit proliferation of RMECs | (47) | |
| miR-384‐3p | downregulated | HK2 | inhibit proliferation and tube formation of RMECs | (48) | |
| miR-21-5p | upregulated | maspin, PI3K/AKT, ERK | promote proliferation and angiogenesis of HRMECs | (50) | |
| miR-221 | upregulated | SIRT1/Nrf2 | promote apoptosis of HRMECs | (51) |