Table 1.

Means and standard deviations (S.D.) across ZIP codes within each NYC borough.

	The Bronx		Brooklyn		Manhattan		Queens		Staten Island		NYC		One-way ANOVA
	n = 25		n = 37		n = 44		n = 59		n = 12		n = 177
	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	p-value
Dependent Variable
Covid-19 Cases	1761.76	786.77	1424.57	692.77	539.95	425.47	1014.34	767.14	1106.42	591.07	1093.98	779.60	<0.05
Independent Variables
Demographic Characteristics
% Non-Hispanic Blacks	27.84	15.41	29.30	28.62	11.52	17.06	17.09	24.79	11.13	11.56	19.37	23.12	<0.05
% Asians	3.53	3.21	11.29	11.06	14.32	10.26	24.06	16.37	7.48	3.96	14.95	13.95	<0.05
% Hispanics	53.08	18.16	19.41	13.01	20.47	19.13	24.21	15.22	20.49	11.63	26.10	19.44	<0.05
% Population Ages 65 and Above	13.25	5.31	13.45	4.83	14.28	6.00	15.25	4.56	14.49	2.90	14.30	5.04
Population Density	44.91	26.86	42.95	15.31	72.46	38.33	26.40	20.10	9.69	3.74	42.79	32.01	<0.05
Socioeconomic Status
Disadvantage Index	1.23	0.95	0.24	0.76	−0.77	1.03	−0.08	0.56	−0.07	0.52	0.00	1.00	<0.05
Income Inequality	0.49	0.04	0.50	0.03	0.53	0.06	0.44	0.03	0.46	0.05	0.48	0.06	<0.05
% Adults 19–64 Uninsured	13.79	4.42	11.55	4.40	6.79	4.13	12.23	6.18	7.76	3.79	10.65	5.57	<0.05
Worker Characteristics
% Workers Who Commute by Public Transportation	59.69	13.03	64.43	9.70	62.84	12.01	48.48	16.21	31.18	7.78	55.79	16.05	<0.05
% Workers Who Work at Home	3.37	1.39	4.36	2.04	6.65	2.00	2.71	1.09	2.52	0.82	4.11	2.25	<0.05
Household Characteristics
Average Household Size	2.76	0.28	2.67	0.38	2.10	0.36	2.93	0.48	2.83	0.16	2.64	0.500	<0.05
% Housing Units Built Before 1990	89.06	6.33	89.57	6.54	80.34	21.01	89.16	13.61	76.58	13.03	86.18	14.67	<0.05
Sanitation Facilities Index	0.11	0.55	0.17	1.17	−0.28	0.67	0.06	1.14	−0.03	0.63	0.00	0.96