Table 2. Summary of studies reporting leptospirosis and seroprevalence of antibodies to Leptospira in humans in Tanzania 1997–2019.
| Reference | Year | Study area | N | Seroprevalence (%) | Acute leptospirosis (%) | Risk factors/exposure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [15] | 1996 | Morogoro, Dar es Salaam, Mbeya, Kilimanjaro, Tanga, Singida and Mwanza | 375 | 0.3 | ND | ND |
| [33] | 2005 | Tanga | 199 | 15.1 | ND | ND |
| [11]* [26] |
2012–2013 | Katavi | 267 | 29.96 | ND | Slaughtering and handling of bush meat |
| [32] | 2017 | Mwanza | 250 | 10 | ND | Abattoir workers and meat vendors |
| [31] | No date | Kagera | 455 | 15.8 | ND | Fishing and working in sugarcane plantation |
| [18] | 1996–2006 | Morogoro | 506 | ND | 0.2 Patients | ND |
| 83 | ND | 3.6 Abattoir workers | ND | |||
| [30] | 2007–2008 | Kilimanjaro | 831 | ND | 8.4 | ND |
| [42] | 2008 | Dar es Salaam | 1005 | ND | 0.47 | ND |
| [34] | 2013 | Morogoro | 370 | ND | 11.6 | Heavy rain and presence of rodents in residential areas |
| [43] | 2014 | Morogoro | 191 | ND | 2 | ND |
| [23] | 2013–2014 | Dar es Salaam | 519 | ND | 0.2 | ND |
| [25] | 2014 | Morogoro | 842 | ND | 3 | ND |
| [21] | 2012–2014 | Kilimanjaro | 1293 | ND | 1.9 | Cleaning animal waste and rice farming |
| [29] | 2016–2017 | Arusha | 104 | ND | 5.8 | ND |
ND: not described
*Studies used the same data