TABLE 2.

Type V Effectors ^a .

Effector	Subtype	Other names	Length	Target	tracrRNA	Cut type	PAM	References
Cas12a	V-A	Cpf1	1300 aa	dsDNA	No	staggered, 5 nt overhangs	5′ T-rich PAM	Yan et al. (2017)
Cas12b	V-B	C2c1	1129 aa	dsDNA	Yes	staggered, 7 nt overhangs	5′ T-rich PAM	Teng et al. (2018)
Cas12c	V-C	C2c3	1209-1330 aa	dsDNA	Yes	Flat	5′ TN PAM	Yan et al. (2019)
Cas12d	V-D	CasY	Approximately 1200 aa	dsDNA	No	—	5′ Y-rich PAM	Burstein et al. (2017)
Cas12e	V-E	CasX	980 aa	dsDNA	Yes	staggered, 10-11 nt overhangs	5′ TA PAM	Burstein et al. (2017)
Cas14a	V-F	—	529 aa	ssDNA	Yes	—	Not required	Harrington et al. (2018)
Cas12g	V-G	—	720-830 aa	ssDNA or ssRNA	Yes	—	—	Yan et al. (2019)
Cas12h	V-H	—	870-924 aa	dsDNA	No	flat	5′ TTN PAM	Yan et al. (2019)
Cas12i	V-I	—	1033-1093 aa	dsDNA	No	flat	5′ TTN PAM	Yan et al. (2019)

^aUncharacterized types, including V-U1 (C2c4), V-U2 (C2c8), V-U3 (C2c10), and V-U4 (C2c9), were omitted.