Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Nov 10;3(1):vdab162. doi: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab162

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press, the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 2. — Forest plot of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the risk of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) by (A) breast cancer as primary tumor type, (B) multiple brain lesions, and (C) tentorial location of BM.

The gray squares represent the point estimate of each study; the size of the squares is proportional to the weight of the study; horizontal lines show the 95% confidence intervals (CIs); the center of the blue diamond represents the pooled estimate for each category. A) The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for the risk factor breast cancer as primary tumor type is 2.73 (95% CI 2.12–3.52; I² = 0%, p-heterogeneity = 0.93; 5 studies). B) The pooled HR for the risk factor multiple brain lesions is 1.37 (95% CI 1.18–1.58; I² = 0%, p-heterogeneity = 0.92; 4 studies). C) The pooled HR for the risk factor tentorial location of BM is 2.24 (95% CI 0.36–13.75; I² = 48%, p-heterogeneity = 0.15; 3 studies). A P-value for heterogeneity <10% was considered significant.