Synergism of the IL1-IL1RAP signaling with other active signaling pathways in acute myeloid leukemia. (A) Gating strategy of co-expressing Interleukin- 1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP), CD135, CD123 and CD117 measured by flow cytometry within four representative primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. (B) Pie-chart showing co-expression of IL1RAP with CD135, CD123 and CD117 in blasts of 124 primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. At least 50% of the total amount of cells in a specific group was used as a cutoff to include a patient in a certain group; otherwise, patients were called “unclassified”. (C) Pearson correlation of IL1RAP with CD135, CD123 and CD117 based on mean fluorescense intensity (MFI) (n=124). (D) Western blot of primary patient CD34+ blasts positive for IL1RAP, CD135, CD117 and CD123. Cells were stimulated with IL1b, FLT3L, stem cell factor (SCF), IL3 or a combination of these cytokines. (E) Quantification of western blot in panel D. p-p65 was normalized to total H3, pSTAT5 and p-p38 were normalized to b-ACTIN and pAKT was normalized to AKT. (F) Western blot of primary patient CD34+ blasts with low IL1RAP and CD135 expressing but positive for CD117 and CD123. Cells were stimulated with IL1b, FLT3L, SCF, IL3 or a combination of these cytokines. (G) Quantification of western blot in panel (F). p-p65 was normalized to total H3, pSTAT5 and p-p38 were normalized to b-ACTIN and pAKT was normalized to AKT. ***P<0.001.