Table 1.
Characteristics of Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae Isolates
| Resistance mechanisms to carbapenems | Number of Isolates (% of Total) | Number of STs | Number of Departments | Carbapenemase Gene Variants | Kpc Element (Tn4401) | Plasmid Replicon Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbapenemase blaKPC-like |
294 (69.1) | 64 STs (ST258, n = 106); (ST11, n = 34); (ST 512, n = 32); (other STs, n = 122) |
17 departments (Antioquia = 77) (Atlántico = 2) (Bogotá = 5) (Bolivar = 5) (Boyacá = 11) (Caldas = 8) (Caquetá = 1) (Casanare = 5) (Cauca = 8) (Córdoba = 3) (Cundinamarca = 12) (Huila = 7) (Meta = 9) (Nariño = 15) (N. Santander = 17) (Quindio = 3) (Risaralda = 10) (Santander = 50) (Valle del Cauca = 46) |
KPC-2 (n = 126) KPC-3 (n = 168) |
Tn4401_truncC (n = 7) Tn4401a (n = 48) Tn4401b (n = 145) No-Tn4401 (n = 94) |
IncFIB_K = 255 IncFII_K = 167 ColRNAI = 156 IncR = 115 IncFII = 95 IncI2 = 70 IncN = 46 IncFIB_pQil = 35 IncX3 = 33 Others = 215 (25 replicons) |
| Carbapenemase blaNDM-like |
63 (14.8) | 8 STs (ST11, n = 17); (ST152, n = 21); (others STs, n = 25) |
12 departments (Antioquia = 10) (Atlantico = 1) (Bogota = 3) (Caldas = 1) (Cauca = 2) (Cundinamarca = 1) (Huila = 2) (Nariño = 2) (N.Santander = 5) (Risaralda = 9) (Santander = 21) (Valle del Cauca = 6) |
NDM-1 (n = 60) NDM-9 (n = 3) |
- | Inc._1 = 62 IncFIB_K = 51 IncFII_K = 35 ColRNAI = 22 IncR = 17 FIA_pBK30683 = 13 Others = 38 (12 replicons) |
| Carbapenemase blaVIM-like |
20 (4.7) | 8 STs (ST11, n = 4); (ST15, n = 4); (ST70, n = 4) (ST147, n = 5); (ST273, n = 1); (ST307, n = 1); (ST340, n = 2); (ST833, n = 2); |
7 departments (Antioquia = 4) (Atlántico = 1) (Bogotá = 2) (Boyacá = 1) (Cesar = 1) (N.Santander = 2) (Santander = 9) |
VIM-2 (n = 13); VIM-4 (n = 6); VIM-24 (n = 1) |
- | Inc._1 = 20 IncFIB_K = 15 IncR = 14 Col_pHAD28 = 7 Col440I = 6 IncFII_K = 6 FIA_pBK30683 = 4 ColRNAI = 3 Others = 15 (9 replicons) |
| Coproduction of carbapenemases blaKPC-like and blaNDM-like | 11 (2.6) | 8 STs (ST11, n = 2); (ST25, n = 2); (ST76, n = 1); (ST152, n = 1); (ST219, n = 1); (ST258, n = 1); (ST340, n = 1); (ST392, n = 2); |
3 departments (Antioquia = 3); (Santander = 2); (Huila = 1) |
KPC-2+NDM-1 (n = 9); KPC-3+NDM-1 (n = 2) |
Tn4401a (n = 1) Tn4401b (n = 2) No-Tn4401 (n = 8) |
IncFIB_K = 8 IncFII_K = 8 Inc._1 = 6 IncN = 5 IncR = 4 ColRNAI = 3 Col_pHAD28 = 2 FIA_pBK30683 = 1 IncFIB_pQil = 1 IncFII = 1 IncI2 = 1 IncM1 = 1 |
| Coproduction of carbapenemases blaKPC-like and blaVIM-like | 1 (0.23) | 1 ST (ST3660, n = 1) |
1 department (Bogota = 1) |
KPC2+VIM-4 (n = 1) | Tn4401b (n = 1) | Inc._1 = 1 IncFIB_K = 1 IncFII_K = 1 IncR = 1 |
| ESBL gene + porin defects, but no carbapenemase | 22 (5.2) | 18 STs (ST11 n = 1); (ST15 n = 1); (ST25 n = 1) (ST29 n = 1) (ST35 n = 1) (ST37 n = 1) (ST40 n = 1) (ST70 n = 2) (ST147 n = 1) (ST258 n = 1) (ST300 n = 1) (ST307 n = 1) (ST340 n = 1) (ST405 n = 1) (ST629 n = 1) (ST4841 n = 2) (ST4986 n = 1) (ST4987 n = 1) |
9 departments (Antioquia = 8) (Bolivar = 1) (Caldas = 1) (Huila = 1) (Nariño = 2) (N. Santander = 1) (Santander = 5) (Sucre = 1) (Valle del Cauca = 2) |
- | - | IncFIB_K = 15 IncFII_K = 15 IncR = 6 IncFIB_pKPHS1 = 4 IncFIB_pNDM_Mar = 4 IncHI1B_pNDM_MAR = 2 FIA_pBK30683 = 2 Col_pHAD28 = 2 Others = 17 (14 replicons) |
| ESBL gene, but no carbapenemase | 7 (1.64) | 6 STs (ST11 n = 1); (ST39 n = 1); (ST40 n = 1) (ST147 n = 2) (ST1373 n = 1) (ST1758 n = 1) |
3 departments (Santander = 3); (Antioquia = 2) (Atlantico = 2) |
- | IncFIB_K = 7 IncFII_K = 3 IncR = 3 Col_pHAD28 = 2 Col156 = 1 Col440I = 1 Col440II = 1 FIA_pBK30683 = 1 IncFIB_pKPHS1 = 1 IncN = 1 |
|
| Porin defects, but no carbapenemases | 6 (1.41) | 3 STs (ST1198 n = 1); (ST70 n = 3); (ST14 n = 2) |
2 departments (Antioquia = 3) (Nariño = 3); |
- | - | IncFIB_K = 6 Inc._1 = 3 IncFIB_pKPHS1 = 3 IncFII_K = 3 IncR = 1 IncX4_1 = 1 ColRNAI = 1 |
| No Carbapenemase, no Porin, no BLEE | 1 (0.23) | 1 STs (ST4984 n = 1); |
1 department (Antioquia = 1) |
- | - | IncFIB_K = 1 IncR = 1 |
Abbreviations: ESBL, extended spectrum β-lactamase; ST, sequence type.