Predicted mean weight trajectories of children in 5 cohort studies according to cohort (A), child’s sex (B), child’s race/ethnicity (C), and parental education and employment status (D). Key for panel D—black long-dashed line: mother left school at age 15 or 16 years (i.e., the mother's highest academic qualification was either a Certificate of Secondary Education, Ordinary Level, or a General Certificate of Secondary School Education) and father had a routine/unskilled occupation; light gray short-dashed and dotted line: mother left school at age 17 or 18 years (i.e., the mother's highest academic achievement was Advanced Level (A-Level)) and father had a routine/unskilled occupation; dark gray solid line: mother had a college degree or higher and father had a routine/unskilled occupation; black short-dashed and dotted line: mother left school at age 15 or 16 years and father had an intermediate occupation; light gray solid line: mother left school at age 17 or 18 years and father had an intermediate occupation; dark gray long-dashed line: mother had a college degree or higher and father had an intermediate occupation; black solid line: mother left school at age 15 or 16 years and father had a professional/managerial occupation; light gray long-dashed line: mother left school at age 17 or 18 years and father had a professional/managerial occupation; dark gray short-dashed and dotted line: mother had a college degree or higher and father had a professional/managerial occupation. The solid black line in each graph denotes the predicted mean weight trajectory for the reference participants: White boys from the ALSPAC cohort with a mother who left school at age 15 or 16 years and a father whose occupation was classified as professional or managerial. ALSPAC, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (1990–2012); BCG, Barry Caerphilly Growth Study (1972–1979); BiB, Born in Bradford Study (2007–2015); CHS, Christ’s Hospital School Study (1936–1964); PROBIT, Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (1996–2016).