Figure 5.

Serial changes in the coagulation-related molecular markers in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury. Healthy controls (white box), non-disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (light gray boxes), and DIC (dark gray boxes) at presentation to the emergency department (0 h) and 3 h after hospital arrival (3 h). Horizontal bars in the box indicate the median (middle) and interquartile ranges (upper 25% and lower 75%). Black boxes represent the mean values. +p < 0.05 vs. healthy controls, ++p < 0.01 vs. healthy controls, + + +p < 0.001 vs. healthy controls, + + + +p < 0.0001 vs. healthy controls, ^*p < 0.05 vs. non-DIC, ^**p < 0.01 vs. non-DIC.