Table 1.
Pooled estimation of incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome in burn patients and its subgroup.
| Factors | Subgroups | Studies, n | No. of patients | Proportion [95% CI]a | I 2 b | P-value for heterogeneity | P-value for subgroup differences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study type | Retrospective | 15 | 6,685 | 0.24 [0.18–0.30] | 99% | <0.01 | 0.33 |
| Prospective | 3 | 245 | 0.15 [0.06–0.39] | 86% | <0.01 | ||
| Inclusion | With mechanical ventilation | 8 | 2,630 | 0.37 [0.29–0.44] | 93% | <0.01 | –g |
| minima burn surface ≥20% | 9 | 1,127 | 0.32 [0.21–0.42] | 92% | <0.01 | – | |
| Definitionc | Berlin | 9 | 2,738 | 0.35 [0.31–0.40] | 81% | <0.01 | 0.61 |
| AECC | 6 | 1,989 | 0.30 [0.08–0.51] | 98% | <0.01 | ||
| Location | Western | 22 | 9,100 | 0.28 [0.27–0.33] | 99% | <0.01 | 0.01 |
| Asian/African | 13 | 12,659 | 0.25 [0.22–0.29] | 95% | <0.01 | ||
| Mean age | 20y−39y | 10 | 3,097 | 0.25 [0.14–0.36] | 98% | <0.01 | 0.73 |
| 40y−59y | 18 | 7,542 | 0.27 [0.21–0.33] | 97% | <0.01 | ||
| TBSAd | <30% | 9 | 4,763 | 0.22 [0.15–0.29] | 99% | <0.01 | 0.22 |
| ≥30% | 21 | 3,877 | 0.28 [0.22–0.34] | 95% | <0.01 | ||
| FTe | ≤ 10% | 3 | 970 | 0.29 [0.09–0.49] | 97% | <0.01 | 0.91 |
| >10% | 15 | 5,691 | 0.30 [0.23–0.37] | 99% | <0.01 | ||
| IIf | <50% | 18 | 6,909 | 0.24 [0.17–0.30] | 99% | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| ≥50% | 4 | 387 | 0.41 [0.34–0.48] | 49% | 0.12 |
(a) 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.
(b) I2: heterogeneity of the studies.
(c) Definition: which definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome used in the studies, the American-European Consensus Conference (AECC) definition or the Berlin definition.
(d) TBSA, total body surface area.
(e) FT, full-thickness (FT) burn injury.
(f) II: the proportion of patients combined inhalation injury of the total sample.
(g) “–” means the date is not available.
Bold values mean statistically significant.