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. 2021 Nov 15;12:768097. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.768097

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Copyright © 2021 Chen, Chen, Lei, Wang and Zhou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Western blots and densitometric analysis of the phosphorylation of stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/c-Jun NH 2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK in the brains of aging mice. (B) Western blots and densitometric analysis of cytosolic and mitochondrial Cyt C and COX IV in all treated groups. (C) Western blots and densitometric analysis of the phosphorylation of Akt, p44/42 MAPK and Bad in the brains of D-gal-treated aging mice. Quantification analysis of p-p38 (D), p-JNK (E), Cyt.c/COX IV in cytosolic (F) and mitochondrial (G), p-Akt (Thr308)/Akt (H), p-Akt (Ser473)/Akt (I), p-p44/42/t-p44/42 (J), p-Bad (Ser112)/Bad (K) and p-Bad (Ser136)/Bad (L). Data were normalized to β-actin protein expression (n = 6 per group). All results are described as means ± SD. ^# p < 0.05 and ^## p < 0.01 vs the control group; ^* p < 0.05 and ^** p < 0.01 vs the D-gal-induced aging group.