Table 1:

Patient Characteristics

Characteristic	Patients (N=556)a
Age (years)	62 (52–71)
Sex (%)
Male	60
Female	40
Race (%)
Caucasian	90
African American	10
Education (years)	12 (12–14)
Charlson score	2 (1–4)
Katz ADL at enrollmentb	0 (0–1)
Score = 0	72%
Score > 0	28%
FAQ Score (IADL) at enrollmentc	0 (0–2)
FAQ 0–1	69%
FAQ > 1	31%
History of depression (%)	37%
History of PTSD (%)	6%
IQCODE-SF at enrollment	3 (3.0–3.19)
Employment at Enrollment	138 (25%)
• Full Time	120 (22%)
• Part Time	18 (3%)
• Unemployed or Retired	418 (75%)
AHRQ Socioeconomic Score at Enrollment	49.8 (47.3–52.8)
Mean Modified SOFA in the ICU	4.7 (3.5–6.5)
Length of mechanical ventilation (days)	2.2 (0.9–5.8)
Days severely septic in the ICU	2 (0–5)
ICU length of stay	5 (3–10)
Hospital length of stay	10 (6–17)
Mean 24hr dose of benzodiazepines in the ICUd	0.62 (0–6.63)
Mean 24hr dose of opiates in the ICUe	268.3 (1.1–944.6)
Mean 24hr dose of propofol in the ICU	0 (0–578)
Mean 24hr dose of haloperidol in the ICU	0 (0–0)
Mean 24hr dose of dexmedetomidine in the ICU	0 (0–0)
Delirium	394 (71%)
Hypoactivef delirium prevalence	390 (69%)
Days with hypoactive delirium among those exposed	3 (2–7)
Hyperactiveg delirium prevalence	95 (17%)
Days with hyperactive delirium among those exposed	1 (1–3)
Both hypoactive and hyperactive delirium in the same day (prevalence)	52 (9%)
Days with both types of delirium among those exposed	1 (1–2)

Abbreviations: ADL, Activities of Daily Living; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; ICU, intensive care unit; IQCODE-SF, Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly Short Form; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.

^aMedian (25^th – 75^th percentile) unless otherwise noted

^bThe Katz ADLs are scored on a scale of 0 to 6. Patients are assigned a score of 1 for each of 6 total activities (e.g., bathing, dressing, feeding) that they require assistance to complete. A score >0 indicates partial disability in ADLs.

^cThe FAQ assessment of IADLs surveys patients on their ability to complete 10 tasks that support independent living (e.g., managing money, arranging transportation). Each activity is assigned a scaled score of 0–2 where 0 indicates participants can complete the task independently, 1 indicates that the participant requires some help to complete the task, and 2 indicates complete dependence on someone else to complete the task. All scores are totaled together and a score >2 indicates dependence in IADLs, whereas a score >8 indicates disability in IADLs.

^dMeasured in midazolam equivalents

^eMeasured in fentanyl equivalents

^fHypoactive delirium is defined as a positive CAM-ICU assessment with a corresponding RASS score of −1 to −3.

^gHyperactive delirium is defined as a positive CAM-ICU assessment with a corresponding RASS score >0.